1. :
( , , ..). , ( - ), , ).
. (, , , - ..) .
, , . (, , ..) . (), . .
2. :
; , . , , ; , -. .
3. :
1. , , .
2. - (), , , . .
3. : -; -; -.
4. ( -). .
5. ( , ).
6. . , . . .
7. . . - .
8. . : , . (, ).
9. . , .
10. : , , , . .
11. . . -.
12. . .
4. ():
| 1. | . | |
| A | ||
| B | ||
| C | ||
| D | ||
| 2. | , , . ? | |
| A | ||
| B | ||
| C | ||
| D | 堠 | |
| 3. | , , . : | |
| A | ||
| B | ||
| C | ||
| D | ||
| 4. | . , : | |
| A | 10-3-10-4 | |
| B | 10-4-10-7 | |
| C | 10-7-10-9 | |
| D | 10-8-10-9 | |
| 5. | ? | |
| A | ||
| B | ||
| C | ||
| D | ||
| 6. | ( ), ( ), ( ): | |
| A | ||
| B | ||
| C | ||
| D | ||
| 7. | . ? | |
| A | / | |
| B | / | |
| C | / | |
| D | / | |
| 8. | . : | |
| A | ||
| B | ||
| C | ||
| D | ||
| 9. | 10-5. : | |
| A | ||
| B | ||
| C | ||
| D | ||
| 10. | ( , ) : | |
| A | ||
| B | ||
| C | ||
| D | ||
| 11. | ? | |
| A | - , , . | |
| B | - , , . | |
| C | - , , . | |
| D | - , , . | |
| 12. | - {[Ca2O4]m×nCa2+×2(n-x)l-}2x+×2xl- (CaCl2(.) + H2C2O4 →). ? | |
| A | PO43- | |
| B | Cl- | |
| C | N+ | |
| D | 2+ | |
| 13. | ? | |
| A | ||
| B | () | |
| C | ||
| D | ||
| 14. | , . : | |
| A | ||
| B | ||
| C | ||
| D | ||
| 15. | CaCl2 + Na2CO3() = CaCO3↓ + 2NaCl, -: | |
| A | Ca+2 | |
| B | CO3-2 | |
| C | Na+ | |
| D | Cl- | |
| 16. | 0,035 / 0,057-0,068 / : | |
| A | - () | |
| B | - () | |
| C | ||
| D | ||
| 17. | , , : | |
| A | ||
| B | ||
| C | ||
| D | ||
| 18. | : | |
| A | ||
| B | ||
| C | ||
| D | ||
| 19. | . ? | |
| A | , | |
| B | , | |
| C | , | |
| D | , | |
| 20. | : !. : | |
| A | ||
| B | ||
| C | ||
| D |
6. ( ):
|
|
|
|
|
|
- 50 ( )
2,5 0,01 , . , : K3PO4, Na2SO4, NaCl. .
2. BaSO4 ( ): Na+; K+; SO42-; Ca2+; Cl-; Br-. .
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- NaCl (C=1 M), 20 BaSO4 6 .
