Лекарственные средства, производные фурана

        

 

Фурацилин

Furacilinum

Nitrofural *

 

                                                      

                                               O

                                                ||

O₂N    O  CH = N – NH –C – NH₂

                                                          

5-нитрофурфуроласемикарбазон

 

Свойства

        

 

     

Подлинность

1.

 

 

                                                      

                                               O

                                                ||                    + NaOH →

O ₂ N     O   CH = N – NH – C – NH ₂

                                                         

                                                      

→                                       O

                                              ||

O -N    O  CH - N = N –C – NH₂

  |

ONa                                                   

                                                      

                                              ONa

→                                           |

O₂N    O  CH = N – N = C – NH₂

                                                         

 

2. а)

 

                                                                                       t^o

                                               O + 2 NaOH + H₂O → NH₃ ↑ + Na₂CO₃ +

                                                ||

O₂N    O  CH = N – NH –C – NH₂

 

                       O                         

 +                   //    + H₂N – NH₂             

                  C - H                             

O₂N OH 

 

б)

 

 

3.  

 

 

4.

5.

 

 

6.

7.

 

 

Количественное определение

1. Метод                                       , способ

    Метод основан на

    Методика:

 

 

                                                                                      

                                               O + 2 I₂ + 6 NaOH + →             O +

                                                 ||                                                             //

O₂N    O  CH = N – NH –C – NH₂                                  O₂N  O  C - H

               моль                                             •  =   экв.

 

+ N₂ ↑ + NH₃↑ + 4 NaI + Na₂CO₃ + 3 H₂O

 

I₂ + 2 NaOH → NaI + NaIO + H₂O

NaI + NaIO + H₂SO₄ → I₂ + Na₂SO₄ + H₂O

I₂ + 2 Na₂S₂O₃ → 2 NaI + Na₂S₄O₆

f _{экв .} =              M _{1/ z} =  

 

2.  

Применение

    Наружно –

 

    Внутрь –

Форма выпуска:

 

 

Хранение

     

        

 

 

Лекарственные средства, производные пиразола

   

    Для медицины представляют интерес кето-произодные пиразолина и пиразолидина                                                                    O

                                                                                          //  

1.                                                          2.                     

                            N - H                                                N - H

               //                                                    //                       

             O N                                       O    N

                        |                                                      |

                       H                                                     H

                   пиразолон -5                        пиразолидиндион -3,5

 

    К 1-ой группе относятся антипирин и анальгин, оказывающие жаропонижающее и болеутоляющее действие.

    Ко 2-ой группе относится бутадион, оказывающий противовоспалительное действие.

 

 

Антипирин

Antipirynum

Phenazone *

 

  Н –       - CH ₃                                                         

                                                                                       

                                  N – CH ₃                                                

                //                                                                               

             O N                                                  

                         |                                                      

                      C ₆ H ₅                                                    

1-фенил-2,3-диметилпиразолон-5

Свойства

        

 

 

Подлинность

1.

 

3 Ant • 2 FeCl₃

2.

2 NaNO₂ + H₂SO₄ → 2 HNO₂ + Na₂SO₄

Н –       -CH₃                    O = N –            – CH₃           

                                                                                   

                                  N –CH₃  + HNO₂ →                 N – CH₃ + H₂O                                          

                //                                                   //                                                             

              O  N                                          O N                                            

                         |                                                        |                           

                        C₆H₅                                             C₆H₅                                              

     

3.

4.

 

Количественное определение

    Метод                                               , способ  

    Метод основан на

    Методика:

 

 

    Н –            -CH₃                      I –            – CH₃           

                                                                                   

                                  N –CH₃  + I₂ →                         N – CH₃ + HI                                          

                //                                                   //                                                             

              O  N                                          O N                                            

                         |                                                    |                           

                        C₆H₅                                             C₆H₅                                              

                             моль                       экв.

 

HI + CH₃COONa → CH₃COOH + NaI

I₂ + 2 Na₂S₂O₃ → 2 NaI + Na₂S₄O₆

f _экв. =                  M _{1/ z} =  

 

Применение

    

 

 

Форма выпуска:  

 

Хранение

Список  

 

 

N. B.! При приготовлении ЛФ по рецептам необходимо учитывать способность антипирина реагировать с кислотами, фенолами, альдегидами, солями ртути, реагируя с которыми антипирин может переходить в жидкое состояние.

Анальгин

Analginum

Metamizol Sodium*

 

     CH₃ – N –       -CH₃                                 

              /                                                    

NaO ₃ S – CH ₂               N – CH ₃                   

                  //                            1-фенил-2,3-диметил-4-метиламинопиразолон-

          O    N                   -5- N -метансульфонат натрия

                            |                                                                                    

                      C ₆ H ₅                                                                                                

Свойства

 

Подлинность

1. Ионы натрия –

2. Специфическая реакция на остаток метансульфоната натрия.

 

 

    CH₃ – N –       -CH₃                       CH₃ – N –       – CH₃ 

              /                                              t^o           /

NaO₃S – CH₂              N –CH₃ + HCl →       H              N – CH₃ +

                  //                                                           //                                                                                   

                O   N                                               O   N

                            |                                                            |                  

                           C₆H₅                                                       C₆H₅                                                                                               

                                  О

                                   //

+ SO₂ ↑ + H – C = O ↑ + NaCl

Реакция на остаток формальдегида -

 

                                                      O

HOOC –         – H                   ||              H –         – COOH H₂SO₄                     

                          +   H – C – H +                                         →

HO –                                                                                – OH

                                                   

            HOOC –         – CH₂ –          – COOH    H₂SO₄                  

→                                                                                    →

                  HO –                                    – OH

            HOOC –         – CH =         – COOH                         

→                                                                                    

                  HO –                                   = O

 

3.

 

 

4.

 

5.

 

Экспресс-анализ

1.

2.

 

Количественное определение

    Метод                                              , способ

    Метод основан на

    Методика:

 

 

                                                                                                           H

                                                                                                              \ +

    CH₃ – N –       -CH₃                            CH₃ – N –       – CH₃ 

              /                                                                  /

NaO₃S – CH₂              N –CH₃ + I₂ +2 H₂O→    H              N – CH₃ I +

                  //                                                               //                                                                                    

                O   N                                                   O   N

                            |                                                                |                  

                           C₆H₅                                                          C₆H₅                                                                                           

                           моль                    экв.

                                           О

                                         //

+ NaHSO₄    + H – C = O + HI

 

  f _экв. =                   M _{1/ z} =  

 

Применение

        

 

Хранение

     

        

 

 

Бутадион

Butadionum

Phenylbutazone *

                H

     C₄H₉ –      = O                                 

                                                                      

                              N – C ₆ H ₅                   

      //                                     1,2-дифенил -4-бутилпиразолидиндион- 3,5

         O    N                                         

                     |                                                                                     

                    C ₆ H ₅

                                                                                         

Свойства

 

 

                H

     C ₄ H ₉ –      = O                      C ₄ H ₉ –      – OH

                                                                     

                              N – C ₆ H ₅     ↔                         N – C ₆ H ₅

            //                                                   //                                   

         O   N                                         O   N

                     |                                                     |             

                    C₆H₅                                              C₆H₅

               

     C₄H₉ –      – OH                                C₄H₉ –      – ONa

                                                                      

                              N – C₆H₅ + NaOH →                       N – C₆H₅ + H₂O

            //                                                             //                      

     O    N                                                    O   N

                     |                                                               |                

                    C ₆ H ₅                                                    C ₆ H ₅

Подлинность

1.

 

H

C₄H₉ –      – O                                   C₄H₉ –      – ONa   

                                                                      

                    N – C₆H₅ + NaOH →                       N – C₆H₅ + H₂O 

  //                                                             //                    

 O   N                                                   O    N

           |                                                               |                

          C₆H₅                                                       C₆H₅

C₄H₉ –      – ONa                                 C₄H₉ –      – O^-                

                                                                      

2                  N – C₆H₅ + CuSO₄ →                          N – C₆H₅ Cu ↓

  //                                            - Na₂SO₄         //                                        

 O   N                                                      O  N

           |                                                                  |                  2   

          C₆H₅                                                           C₆H₅

 

2.

 

               H

     C₄H₉ –      = O        + H₂SO₄                     

                                           + NaNO₂                        [O]

                              N – C₆H₅ → NH – NH → N = N   

           //                                          |    |               |       |         

         O   N                                 C₆H₅ C₆H₅           C₆H₅ C₆H₅   

                     |                                                                                     

                    C₆H₅

3.

4.

Экспресс-анализ

1.

2.

3.

 

 

Количественное определение

Метод                                             , способ  

Метод основан на

Методика:

 

    H

     C₄H₉ –      = O                         C₄H₉ –      – OH                 

                                                                      

                              N – C₆H₅    ↔                         N – C₆H₅

            //                                                   //                                                                    

         O   N                                         O   N

                     |                                                     |                           

                    C₆H₅                                              C₆H₅

     C₄H₉ –      – OH                                C₄H₉ –      – ONa                               

                                                                      

                              N – C₆H₅ + NaOH →                       N – C₆H₅ + H₂O               

            //                                                             //                                                      

         O   N                                                   O  N

                     |                                                               |                

                    C₆H₅                                                       C₆H₅

                моль                                  экв.                    

f _экв. =         M _{1/ z} =  

Применение

 

 

Хранение