1. Caries affects tooth surfaces.
2. Foodstuffs are dissolved in the saliva.
3. End-products affect the tooth surfaces intermittently.
4. Dental caries cannot occur in the absence of oral bacteria.
5. These measures can prevent the appearance of new lesions.
6. Cavities and deposits around the teeth permit the growth of bacteria.
7. Thorough oral prophylaxis and filling of all cavities afford the best protection to the dental pulp.
X. Translate the following word combinations:
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XII. Read the text
1. Find the sentence which is true to the text.
a. The cavities are always dark.
b. Tooth decay is always asymptomatic.
c. The main source of fluoride is water, salt and toothpaste.
d. Antidepressants increase saliva production.
2. Find the sentence which is false.
a. Abscess formation may be one of the complications of caries.
b. To prevent caries brushing the teeth and flossing between the teeth is recommended.
c. Tooth decay may be associated with poverty.
d. The bacterial breakdown of the soft tissues in the mouth is the main cause of caries.
3. Answer the question.
What are the risk factors for caries?
4. Complete the sentence.
Drugs which are considered to be the risk factors for caries are
5. Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions.
It is recommended by many to brush the teeth twice day and floss the teeth.
Text B. Dental caries
Dental Caries also known as tooth decay is a breakdown of teeth due to activities of bacteria. The cavities may be a number of different colours from yellow to black. Symptoms may include pain and difficulty with eating. Complications may include inflammation of the tissue around the tooth, tooth loss, and infection or abscess formation. The cause of caries is bacterial breakdown of the hard tissues of the teeth (enamel, dentin and cementum). This occurs due to acid made from food debris or sugar on the tooth surface. Simple sugars in food are these bacteria primary energy source and thus a high diet in simple sugar is a risk factor. In mineral breakdown is greater than that built up from sources such as saliva, caries results. Risk factors include conditions that result in less saliva such as diabetes mellitus, Sogrens syndrome and some medications. Medications that decrease saliva production include antihistamines and antidepressants. Caries is also associated with poverty, poor cleaning of the mouth, and receding gums resulting in exposure of the roots of the teeth.
Prevention includes regular cleaning of the teeth, a diet low in sugar, and small amounts of fluoride. Brushing the teeth twice per day and flossing between the teeth once a day is recommended by many. Fluoride may be from water, salt or toothpaste among other sources. Treating a mothers dental caries may decrease the risk in her children by decreasing the number of certain bacteria. Screening can result in earlier detection.
