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( ): . (1990), Little . (1997) ϳ . (1987). 3 . Little 4 (84% ). , 2 , : ϳ 4 18 , 2 22 .

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13

Little et al. (1997) Pichichero et al. (1987) Gerber et al. (1990) Little et al. (1997)
3 2 2
  , ( 㳿).    
, ( ), 6 7 㳿 , ( ), 6 7 㳿
() 4
  Little (97) Pichicher (87) Gerber (90)  
   
 
 
, ( ), 6 7 㳿  
 
() 4  

14

GRADE

/ 㳿 /

ʳ ( ) ³
(L) (385) 23/174 (13%) 210/211 (99%) 0,13 (0,09, 0,19)
(L) (387) ³ 55/176 (31%) 210/211 (99%) 0,31 (0,25, 0,39)
(L) (350) 23/174 (13%) ³ 55/176 (31%) 0,42 (0,27, 0,65)
3 (L) (561) 35%; =37%; =30% 2=2,50, =0,28
() () (114)   , t- =1,6, =1,3, =0,006
d () (L) (561) (IQR), Kruskal-Wallis, X2 =5(3 7), =5(3 7), =4(3 6) 2=1,9, =0,39
ij (L) (394) ³ 23/179 (13%) 23/215 (11%) 1, 02 (0,69, 2,06)
ij (L) (401) 16/186 (9%) 23/215 (11%) 0,80 (0,43, 1,47)
ij (L) (365) 16/186 (9%) ³ 23/179 (13%) 0,66 (0,36, 1,22)
( 1 ) (L) 1 (484) ³ 12/238 (5%) 22/246 (9%) 0,56 (0,28, 1,11)
( 1 ) (L) 1 (478) 22/232 (9%) 22/246 (9%) 1,06 (0,60, 1,86)
( 1 ) (L)   1 (470) 22/232 (9%) ³ 12/238 (5%) 1,88 (0,95, 3,71)
( 12 ) (L) (317) ³ 50/169 (30%) 90/148 (61%) 0,48 (0,37, 0,63)
( 12 ) (L) (297) 70/149 (47%) 90/148 (61%) 0,77 (0,62, 0,95)
( 12 ) (L) (318) 70/149 (47%) ³ 50/169 (30%) 1,58 (1,19, 2,11)
, (L) (372) ³ 99/165 (60%) 181/207 (87%) 0,68 (0,59, 0,78)
, (L) (380) 95/173 (55%) 181/207 (87%) 0,62 (0,54, 0,72)
, (L) (338) 95/173 (55%) ³ 99/165 (60%) 0,91 (0,76, 1,09)
k (L) 1 (388) ³ 165/177 (93%) 202/211 (96%) 0,97 (0,92, 1,02)
k (L) 1 (395) 166/184 (90%) 202/211 (96%) 0,94 (0,89, 0,99)
k (L) (361) 166/184 (90%) ³ 165/177 (93%) 0,96 (0,90, 1,02)

, , ,

c 1 3 ( 3)

d ( ) () 3

, d

k ( )

L=Little et al. (1997)

P=Pichichero et al. (1987)

G=Gerber et al. (1990)

/ 㳿 . .

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3 .

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, 㳺 (-) .

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/ ( 90%). / , , ( 6%) , , . , 㳺 㳺 㳺 .

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, 1 . , , , 1 , (31% 14% , ), , , 17% 1 , .





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