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. "
",
. : Out came the chaise in went the horses
on sprang the boys in got the travellers (Ch. Dickens. Pickwick Papers)
" , , ,
" ( . ).

<< ,
. , ,
, , ... ,
, ,
.
: ... ,
, ,
"... ...
: , , , ,
,
...>> [, 1977, 386].

,
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).

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.
.

,
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: How was she to bare
that timid little heart for the inspection of those young ladies with their bold
black eyes? (Thackeray) "
?"


,
(that timid little heart). B
(
).

. (" "
): Poor little tender heart! and so it goes on hoping and beating, and
longing and trusting " !
, ".

,
. , ,
. ., ,
, i
:... ,
,
I`d bet he'd been to see
148


him in bis attic and begged bis pardon on bis bended knees so that this
spiteful little horror should deign to move to bis house.'

spiteful little horror.

, ..

you: , ,
, ! ,
! ,
! () Aren`t you ashamed, aren`t you ashamed of
yourself, you cruel, inhuman wretch, you tyrant of my family, you, inhuman
monster, you! You`ve robbed me of everything, sucked me dry, and you're
still dissatisfied. How much longer am I to put up with you, you, you
shameless and dishonest man!


. ,
" " .
:

J e n n . Oh God forgive you! How could you strike an old woman like
that?

B i l l. You Gawd forgive me again and I`ll Gawd forgive you one on jaw
that'll stop you praying for a week

" . ! ?

. - " ",
, ".

:
: " " " ".

()

: "May I speak to Mr.
Brown, please" , , (
): "Won't you sit down" , ;
"Joan, would you please get the Stapler for me?" , ,
, .


- : "I wish I could see him just once"
.

, ""
, - .
,
. . . ,
, of course,. ,
:

L a d y B r i t o m a r t. Now are you attending to m, Stephen?

S t e p h e n. Of course, mother.

L a d y B r i t o m a r t. No, it's not of course. I want something more
than your everyday matter-of-course attention

" . ' , ?

. , .


. , , .
, ".

"" ,
. ., , "Yes, Sir"
. ,
( , ):

ll bs. Private Meek.

Mk. Yessir

". !

M. , ".


. ., ,
(How do you do?),

( . );

M r s. E y n s f o r d H i l l. My daughter Clara.

Liz. How do you do?

C l a r a. How do you do?

" . .

. .

. ".


, ,
. , ,
,
, : Do you remember when you wrote to him to come on
Twelfth Night, Emmy, and spelled twelfth without the f (Thackeray)
..., ,
" "? ,
" " (twelth
twelfth),
("" "").

, "" ( )

. ,
, . :

Ein Wiesel

Sass auf einen Kiesel

inmitten Bachgeriesel...

" "
. :

A weasel

Perched up on an
easel Within a patch
of teasel...

,
:

A ferret

nibbling a carrot
in a garret


:

A mink
sipping a drink
in a kitchen
sink...

, . ,
,
(,
, ,
, ) [, 1974,144].
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(. III).


,
. [Austin, 1962] . Ѹ [Searle, 1969].

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" " (behabitives) [, 1985,251275].

,
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: " " "No smoking";
" " "Keep off the grass"; " "
"No entry"; " " -=- "No pets
allowed."


.
-
, ()
(, *smoking is prohibited).


,
-
151


. ., ,


:

'Do you solemnly swear to tell the truth, the whole truth and nothing but
the truth, so help you God?'

I do'

" ,
, , !

".


: But just then, and before
he could say anything more, a resounding whack, whack from somewhere.
And then a voice: "Order in the Court! His Honor, the Court! Everybody
please rise!" (Dreiser) <<Ho ,
- : !
!">>

("Order in
the Court!" = 0), ( : His Honor,
the Court! !) .


(behabitives): "See you later, "
, ..., " seeing you, John" , ; The two
cadets exchanged the careless 'See you's' that people say when they know
they will see each other again in a few hours (Life)
", ,
, .


" ",
( , ).





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