. , n. n, .
n n (n > n) (n < n).
, .
, , . . , , .
. 3. : ;
, , , . , n (n) (n) ( ). n .
, , . . , , () , , , .. . .
, n > n, , .
ng, np. , n= ng, n = np.
:
1) Ne=Ng No=Np, n= ng, n = np
2) , Ne=Ng
3) No=Np, . , .. n- n, ..
4) NgN, . Ne=Ng No=Np ng-np ( )
5) Ng/N, . N/g=N/e Np=No. n = ng n/ = n/g, n= n . ng/-np.
|
|
. 4. : ; ; 1 ; 2 ; 3 - ; 4
. 5. : ;
, n> n, , . n= ng, n = np.
:
1) Ne=Np No=Ng, n= np, n = ng
2) , Ne=N
3) No=Ng, . ( )
4) NgN, . Ng N , ng - np/
5) NgN/, . No=Ng Ne/=Np/, .. ng - np , n/p. ng - n/p.
, () , (n) , n. (ng-n) , , , . , .. , , , . , , n/g - np, - ng - n/p.
1.
1
- | , - - (- ) | , ( ) | |
+ | < n´g-np=n´-n < | ng-np=n-n | |
- | < ng-n´p= n-n´ < | ng-np=n-n |