1. ?
2. ?
3. CDP, ?.
4. ping?
5. ?
6. traceroute?
7. telnet?
7. 2.
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)
IP , ARP . , MAC IP ARP , IP . ARP . .
IP IP- ARP , ARP : IP- . , , IP- , , IP . < , IP- > ARP .
- , . , . . .
. () , , , . . . . . show ip route. , X , , :
...
C 192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0
10.0.0.0/16 is subnetted, 3 subnets
C 10.3.0.0 is directly connected, Serial0
C 10.4.0.0 is directly connected, Serial1
C 10.5.0.0 is directly connected, Ethernet1
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, . /24 255.255. 255.0, /16 - 255.255.0.0.
( ) . , 192.168.4.46, 192.168.4.0/24 . Ethernet0. 10.3.21.5, Serial0.
. . , , . . :
.
, .
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Cisco ip route