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L .

18. .

, .

19. L 1, 2, , n, (*) , :

1. L (*);

2. (*) (*).

11. L , .

. . , .

20. , , . n , n-.

dim L.

 

. 1. . .

2. . .

3. . .

4. n () (n + 1)- . 1, , 2, , n .

5. () . 1, , 2, , n, .

6. n- . n = (a1, a2,, an) . = (b1, b2, , bn), :

+ = (a1 + b1, a2 + b2, , an + bn); l× = (la1, la2, , lan). , 13 , .. n . , 1 = (1, 0, ,0), 2 = (0, 1, 0), , n = (0, 0, , 0) . = (a1, a2,, an) , = a1×1 + a2×2 + + an×n. , 1, 2, , n n, .. n n- .

7. m´n 11 = , 12 = , , mn = .

L n- = { 1, 2, , n } . L, = a1 1 + a2 2 + + an n.

21. , , . = {a1, a2, , an}.

= ( 1, 2, , n) , , .. = (a1, a2, , an), = × (22). .

12. L .

. . , , .. = a1 1 + a2 2 + + an n = b1 1 + b2 2 + + bn n. , a1 ¹ b1. a1 1 + a2 2 + + an n = b1 1 + b2 2 + + bn n.

(a1 b1) 1 = (b2 a2) 2 + + (bn an) n.

1 = , .. , 19. , a1 = b1. .

13. , , () .

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