I = 0, U * = E /2, U 0= 0, U 1= E ,
E = (1 + R 1/ R 2) E /2.
E > E . E "" E £ E ¯. D 1 U 1= U * .
E ¯ , U 2 = U 1:
(E ¯ U * ) / R 1 + (U 1 2 U * ) / R 2 + I = 0.
E ¯ = (1 R 1/ R 2) E /2.
D E = E E ¯ = E R 1/ R 2.
"" . R 2 "" . 100 200 , 10 20 .
, R 1 R 2 , D E .
KU × K ³ 1,
KU = KU 1 KU 2, KU . R 1, R 2 K = R 1/(R 1+ R 2), , .
, , . (. ""): (I 0 1 ) U 1= U 0, E E ¯. R 1, R 2 , I 0(R 1½½ R 2) < <1,0 .
, (E ). , . . 2.2 () ().
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( 2 3) (, ), . "" "" R 2 (. . 2.1), C (.2.4, ) , ( 2 4 3 5 . 2.3, ). ( I) 2 3 E 1, . R 1 D 1 (. 2.4, ), R 1 23 . -.
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1. - ( ).
2. . D 1 D 2, . .
3. (. .2.3) "" "". , . , , .
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1. .. . .: , 1981. .130 136.
2. .., .. . .: . ., 1991. . 577 584.
3. .. . .: , 1991 (. . 1161).
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. 3.1. (), () U * () |
U 1 U 0. 1-2 D 1. , D 2 U *, , . (). 100 200 . , ! 1-2 D 1 U 0, D 1 U 1== U 1. , "" (. 3.1, ) T.
U 2= U *, , D 1 D 2 (. 3-1, ). , , C . . 3.1, , U * @ E /2.
T, , C.
, , D 1 U 0 U 1, (I ) : + r - D 1 C
- ( .3.1, ). - - D 2 .3.2.
C R , D 2. U 2= U * D 1 D 2 . (). ( 3.1, ).
,
t = C (R + r ), D U = U 1 U 0. U 00, U 1 + E , r (. ).
, . C R (I ) . (. .3.1, ) VD. , C R ( ), D 1 VD. , D 1. .3.1, . , D 2 , , U 1 U 0. D 1 , , , D 1 C.
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.3.4. - U 1 () U 0 () |
, , (. 3.4, ) D 2 U 1, U 1-2= U 1= U 0. (. 3.4, ) U 0 D 2.
‑ ( U 0 U 1). . .