_____________________________________________________
( )
___________________________________________________________
. .
1 5
,
. ..
2005
621.398
-227
: . . , . . ,
. . , . .
. .
-227 .
1 5: /
. . ; . . . . .: , 2005. 40.
. , . - . , . -, - .
200100 " ".
4 .
(), 2005
1
: RS ‑ ‑, ‑ - , RS ‑ D-, T-, JK -. .
. ( ) .
Q . "1" (U = U 1), "0" (U = U 0). , .
, () - -. , . 1.1 ( . "").
. 1.1. , - () - () |
() , (. 1.2, ). , - , - (. 1.2, ). . , 1 D 1 " ", U = U 1. - D 2 " ", - U = U 0. . 2 D 1 "", D 2 "", . 3 , , .
|
|
( ) ‑ ‑. , ( .1.2, ) - (R, S) .
(tn) (tn +1). RS-, D-, T-, JK- .. .
(). . , . , ( ) .
RS‑
RS ‑ ‑ (. 1.3). , , , . , RS ‑ , R- S- . : Q = 1,
= 0 Q = 0, = 1.
RS‑. (. . 1.1, ). , D 2 ( Q . 1.3, ) U 1, D 1 ( ) U 0, S R (0). , (Q ) .
. 1.3. RS - - () () |
|
|
- (. . 1.1, ) 0 0 D 2 RS - (.1.3) Q = U 1. D 1 1 0 = U 0. , , RS - , . . , , Q RS - U 0 U 1, : S = 0, R = 0 .
, S = 0, R = 0 () , -. ‑ , , , .. . 0 0 1 0 0 1. : "" ‑ U 1 , 0 0. 0. .1.3, .
RS- , S = 1, R = 0 Q = 1. . 1.3,
1.1 | 1.2 | |
RS - - | RS - - | |
(. 1.1) RS - (. 1.2). .
S = 1, R = 1 - RS- -, ,
Q = = 0.
RS - .
.
S R [2]. n n +1 Q .
RS ‑ ‑ (. 1.4, ). , , .
, . , ‑, (.1.2, ) - , , "" , 0, , U 1.
.1.4. RS - - () , () |
1 1 , 0 0 . RS- - .1.3, .1.4.
1.3 | 1.4 | |
RS - - | RS - - | |
.
|
|
. 1.4, .
() RS ‑ (RST ‑)
RST - - . 1.5. D 1 D 2 RS -, D D 4 , () . C (C = 1) "" - S R RS - D 1 D 2.
1.5 | |||
RST - - | |||
.1.5. RST - - () () |
C D D 4 R S, D 1 D 2. C R S "" , D 1 D 2, . RST -
.
. 1.5 , . 1.5, .
D ‑ (‑)
. 1.6 D - ‑. D 1 D 2 RS- , D D 4 - D. C = 0 - D.
C = 1 "" , D. - D - Qn +1= Dn, . , , , .
JK‑
J K , C . JK ‑ . JK -
MS - . 1.7.
. 1.7. JK - () () |
RS- 2. : (C = 1) D 1 D 2 J K RS -1. RS 2 . D D 4 RS- 1 RS- 2. RS- 1 RS- 1 RS- 2. , - -. JK- MS- , , RS- 1 . ), ) (.1.8) . , () . ) ), () . .
, JK - R S RS- 2 (. .1.7).
JK- RST- . RS- 2 RS -1 . J = 1, K = 1 . . JK-
|
|
.
JK- D- (. 1.9, ) - (. 1.9, , ).
.1.9. D - JK - (), - JK - () D - () |
D- D .
Q n +1= CD + Qn .
T ‑ "" C. T-
.
JK-, -, D- . JK- 155 -1 . 1.10 , .
.1.10. "2" () () |
N T
N = + b 3 a 3 + b 2 a 2 + b 1 a 1 + b 0 a 0,
a , ; b ( ), b = 0, 1, 2, (a 1). , "2" b b = 0; 1. , t 1 (.1.10, ) 11 ( ), 1011.
1. RS RST ‑ ‑ ‑ ( ).
2. , .
3. . , , . S R..
4. JK -, D -, T- ( ). .2.
5. 4- JK -, D - T- . "0" . .
1. .. . : , 1981. . 89 104.
2. .., .. . : , 1990. . 156 170.
3. .., .. . .: . ., 1991. . 562 577.
2
: , , . .
() (. 2.1, ), . (. 2.1, ) () , . , ()
.
D 1 (U 1= U *), (. .1.2, . . 1, 3). R 1, R 2
. 2.1. () () |
, - () . U 1< U * U 1> U *, R 1, R 2 , U 2 = U 0 U 2= U 1.
: E , U 1< U *, U 2= U 0. . E U 1,
E = E D 1 U 1= U *, . U 2 () U 0 U 1. U 1 R 1, R 2 U 1> U *, U 2 = U 1.
|
|
E
(. .2.1, ):
I 1+ I 2 + I = 0
(E U *) / R 1 + (U 0 2 U *) / R 2 + I = 0.