- , , . , . ( ). 1 :
S=P (1+r) n (9)
n - (, ) ;
(1+r) n - .
r n. , 9.
3. , 100 .. 2 50% .
S=100 000(1 + 0,5)2= 225 000 .
(9) , , , , . , , :
S=P(1+r1)n1(1+r2)n2(1+r)n (10)
r , n.
( ) . , , , . (9) . , 30% . ( ), , .., (nominal rate):
S=P(1+r/m)mn (11)
m - ;
r/m- .
4. 200 .. 2 10% .
.
S=200 000 (1 0,1/4) 42 = 243 680,54 .
, .
, . , , . (effective rate).
re = (1+r/m)m - 1 (12)
m- ;
re .
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5. , 10 .., 10%, , 1 .
(11) (12). (11) , .
S=10 000 (1+0,1/12) 12 = 11 047,119
r = (1+0,1/12) 12 - 1=0,1047119
S = 10 000 (1+0,1047119) 1 = 11047,119
. . (present value) . .
(9)
(13)
= (1+r) n .
13 .
, m , :
(14)
= (1+r/m) mn - .
, , , ( 7) . , , , , d. - :
P=S (1-d) n (15)
dn.
P=S(1-d/m) mn (16)
d/m= dn.
6. 3 50 . ., 10 %, .
.
dn = 0,1 / 4 = 0,025. P = 5000 * (1 0,025)12 = 36899,9 .
:
= 5000 36898,9 = 13100,1 .
. m. :
de = 1 (1 d/m) (17)
7. 20000 ., 5 , 5 % . .
d = 1 (1 0,05/ 4)4 = 0,0490703 4,0907 %
P = 20000 * (1 0,049073)5 = 15,551488.
, . . :
S = P * (1 / (1 - d)n) = P / (1 - d)n (18)
:
S = P / (1 d/m)mn (19)
8. 500 . ., I . 15 %. .
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__ 500 __
S = (I 0.15) = 588,235 . .