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a 11 x 1 +... + a 1n x n = b 1,

a 21 x 1 +... + a 2n x n = b 2,

........................ ()

a m1 x 1 +... + a mn x n = b m,

aij , bi - , xj - . x 1,..., x n. r 1 ,..., r n (), . , . . , . , .

 

A = , x = , b =

 

()

 

A x = b. ()

 

,

 

B =

 

.

 

a 1 = ,..., a n =

 

()

 

x 1 a 1 +... + x n a n = b.

 

, .

.

3 , . , () - 1.

 

x = A- 1 b. ()

 

, () (). , (), () , () , . , , .

() , xi i- - 1 b. , () 3,

 

xi = A ç i1b1 +... + ï A ê nibn)

 

, ,

 

xi = (i = 1,..., n) ()

 

() , .

 

.

x1 - x2 + 2x3 = 7

2x1 + x2 + 3x3 = 4

4x1 + 2x2 + x3 = 3

 

 

D = , D 1 = , D 2 = , D 3 =

D, 2- 3- , 2 4.

 

D = = 1´ = - 21 + 6 = 15.

 

, D 1 = 30, D 2 = -45, D 3 = 15. ,

x1 = = 2, x2 = = -3, x3 = = 1.

 

, () . . , , .

,

 

a11x1 + a12 x2 +... + a1n xn = b1

a21x1 + a22 x2 +... + a2n xn = b2

.......................... ()

an1 x1 + an2 x2 +... + ann xn = bn

 

, 11 x1 , . 11

 

x1 + a12 x2 +... + a1n xn = b1

a21x1 + a22 x2 +... + a2n xn = b2

.......................... ()

an1 x1 + an2 x2 +... + ann xn = bn

 

2-, 3-,..., n- 1- , a21, a31,..., an1.

 

x1 + a12 x2 +... + a1n xn = b1

a22 x2 +... + a2n xn = b2

.................... ()

an2 x2 +... + ann xn = bn.

, . , . ,

 

x1 + w 12 x2 +... + w 1n xn = d1

x2 +... + w 2n xn = d2

................ ()

x n-1 + w nn xn = d n-1

xn = d n

 

. x n. x n-1 . . x1,..., x n.

.

 

x1 + 3x2 + x3 = 14

2x1 + 8x2 - x3 = 22

x1 + 6x2 + 2x3 = 27

 

2- 3- 1- , 2 1.

 

x1 + 3x2 + x3 = 14

2x2 - 3x3 = - 6

3x2 + x3 = 13.

 

x1 2- 3- . x3 3- 2- 2

x1 + 3x2 + x3 = 14

x2 - 1.5x3 = -3

3x2 + x3 = 13.

3- 2-, 3.

 

x1 + 3x2 + x3 = 14

x2 - 1.5x3 = -3

5.5x3 = 22.

 

3- 5.5, x3 = 4. x3 2- , x2 - 1.5´ 4 = -3 x2 = 3. 1- , x1 + 3´3 + 4 = 14 x1 = 1.

 

. , xk . . .

 

.

 

 

x1 + x2 - 2x3 = 4

3x1 + x2 + x3 = 9

2x1 + x2 - x3 = 6

 

 

.

 

. . 2- 3- , 3 2.

 

.

 

3- -1 2- .

 

.

1- 3- , 1 -2.

 

.

 

, 1- 2- , 1 -3.

 

 

.

 

 

x1 = 1, x2 = 5, x3 = 1.

 

 





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