, , , , . , , . , , , . :
CH3COONa = 3O + Na+
2H2O = H3O+ +OH
, . . .
Na+ + = NaOH
O + 3+ = + 2
, . , , 3 3+ .
CH3COONa + 2 = 3 + Na+ +
.
, (III),
Fe2(SO4)3 = 2Fe3+ + 3SO42
12H2O = 6H3O+ + 6OH
Fe2 (SO4)3 + 122 = 2Fe (OH)3 + 63+ + 3SO42
. . .
, . . .
, , , , , . - , , , , .
, . , . NaOH
3 + Na+ + = 3O + Na+ + 2O
- , NaOH .
, ,
O + Na+ + 3+ + Cl = 3 + Na+ + l + 2
, . . .
. :
k [2]. (), - ().
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[H3O+] = KkCk/Cc
, ,
NH4 + 3+ + Cl= NH4+ + l + 22
- :
NH4+ + l + Na+ + = NH4OH + Na+ + l
:
(0), NH4+ (),
, ( ) , . , . . . , , .
. (dx), .
. , . ,
[HA] = Ck [A]
[K+] +[H3O+] = [A] + [OH]
[+] .
KKCK KK [A] = [H3O+][A]
[+]
, . .
∂[K+] = ∂x
, . ln [3+] = 2,3 , [3+] = 2,3pH.
:
. , , 3H + CH3COONa, ≈105, , = 1,0, , [3+] ≈104.
101, . . . , :
. :
u = 2,3KKCKe2,3pH; v 2 = (KK + e2,3pH)2
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du = 2,3 KKCK(2,3)e2,3pH
d v 2 = 2 v d v = 2 v (2,3e2,3pH)
.
KK = [H3O+]; pKK = pH
, , . , .