. 3.1. , , . - . , j- i- , . .
:
. (3.4)
1. , i- , , j- .
(3.4) (3.2)
. (3.5)
=(),- X - Y:
, ,
(3.5)
X=AX+Y. (3.6)
(3.5), (3.6), - ( , ). :
(), ():
Y = (E -A)X. (3.7)
(), ():
X = ( - ) Y. (3.8)
, , , (3.6), (3.5).
(3.7) (3.8) n- , ( - ) , ( - ). ( - ) , .. , . =( - ) , (3.8)
X = BY. (3.8')
, (3.8') i- :
. (3.9)
(3.9) , , , , i- j- .
, . , , , () .
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2. , i- , j- .
, , :
, (3.10)
() .