1. Students () to take the exam ahead of time.
a) were allowed b)may c)was allowed
2. You ( ) take part in this work.
a) will be able to b)will be allowed to c)will have to
3. The testing machine () be made as simple as possible.
a) could b) was able to ) should
4. You ( ) improve your methods of work to achieve better results.
a) had to b)was allowed to c)must
to be, to have
to have to be , .
| to be | to have | |
| : ( to be ) | The engineer is at the power plant. . | They have an inventor at the shop. . |
| : , , , , | is an engineer. . was a technician two years ago. . His task is to raise his skill. ( , ) . | |
| : to | The engineer is to work at the power plant. . The engineer was toinvite us to visit the power plant. . | to have : , , They have to speak to the inventor. . They had to speak to the inventor. . |
| to be | to have | |
| : I II | a) Continuous Continuous=be+Participle I The engineer was designing a new model. . b) Passive Voice=be+ Participle II The engineer was invited to visit the power plant. . | Perfect Perfect=have+ Participle II They have spoken to the inventor. . |
Exercise 1
, to be :
a)
b)
c)
d)
1. I shall be an engineer in 5 years.
2. My son is reading a book now.
3. At present plastics as well as metals are widely used in various branches of industry.
4. They were to stay at the institute after classes.
5. Our plant was equipped with up-to-date machinery.
6. This article will be published in our institute magazine.
7. The engine was being inspected by several men during the experiment.
8. Your letter will be answered latter.
9. The British Museum in London is famous for its library.
|
|
|
10. Transport is a serious problem for all large cities.
11. Electronic devices are to become the basis for the solution of a great number of
economic problems.
12. More than 3.000.000 organic compounds are known at present.
13. The London airport is one of the most modern in the world
14. English is spoken in the United States of America.
15. Moscow was founded in 1147 by Prince Yuri Dolgoruky.
16. The delegates to the conference are to arrive tomorrow.
Exercise 2
, to have :
a)
b)
c)
1. We shall have a test next week.
2. I have read many books by Dickens.
3. All the letters have been answered in time.
4. This plant has fulfilled its plan this month.
5. The work has been finished.
6. My brother has many English magazines.
7. We have to translate this letter into English.
8. We shall have the translation of the text at the next lesson.
9. You will have to get to the Institute in time.
10. I have never been to Moscow.
11. They have graduated from the Institute this year.
12. This article has been published in the magazine.
13. Man has to find the complete answer to nature's atomic secret.
14. These two objects have the same temperature.
15. The student had to take the dictionary to translate this article.
16. We had passed our examinations by the 20-th of January.
17. Nobel prizes have become the highest international scientific awards.
18. This television tower has been constructed this year.
19. Moscow has more than 80 institutions of higher education.
20. Kurchatovs life has been devoted to nuclear physics.
THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD
, , , , .
Should (would) + Infinitive , , , , . :
| : | To do this would be a mistake. . ( ) |
| : | It my children spoke to me that way, I would be angry. , . |
| . | It is important that you should understand this. , . |
Should (would) + Perfect Infinitive , , , :
| : | To do this would have been a mistake. . ( ) |
| : | If you had sent him a telegram he would have met you. , . ( , .) |
| : | It is strange that he should have behaved like this. , . |
, , , . ( to be) Past Indefinite(Simple), , Past Perfect, .
|
|
|
to be were, , had been :
If he were at home I would not worry.
(), .
If I had been wiser this would not have happened.
(), .
1. (Conditional Sentences)
1. :
| 1) If Mr Kuznetsov were here, ( - .) 2) If I were you, ( .) | 1) we could begin.( (, ..). 2) I would send him a telegram. ( .) |
2.
| If she had sent him a telegram yesterday, ( ) | he would have met her. . ( , ) |
3.
| 1. ( as if, as though -, ) | He speaks about it as if he had been there. , . ( .) |
| 2. ( to wish , ) | I wish it were spring now. , . ( , ). I wish he were with us now. , , .) |
:
1. , , , Past Perfect.
I wish I had gone to the theatre with you. , .
2. , , , Past Perfect.
I wish I hadnt gone to the theatre with you. , .
3. wish would + Infinitive.
I wish you would read this book. , .
