(. 9.1) , . , , , , 1 .
9.1 ; 9.2
R d 1 2
L () , ℓ :
L = /sin + ℓ.
, .
. ( = 0)
. 60 85; <60 . , β = α, α , , , , , , , 5-7%.
()
ℓ = (10-15) d,
d , .
, , . ℓ>15d. , .
ℓ , . , .
, ℓ () , . ℓ .
ℓ =(20-35) d.
, . , , , 50 .
()
ℓ = Lc - ℓ (0.60.85) Lc (0,651,0) .
ℓ, (. 9.2). , .. (...) ℓ.... () (/):
|
|
=7.85d2c∆,
∆ - , /3.
∆ 0.9 1 /3, ∆ = 1.4 1.6 /3 .
, , .
(. 9.2). , - , , .
9.2 : ; ; ; 1 2 ; 3 ; 4 .
, , , . 65-75% ; . . . ( ) .
, 20-30%. (0.150.40) ℓ; . .