, . ( (), . 2.5) , R C . U x = UC. -
. 2.5 |
, U 0 τ, , R. ( τ) . , . , . . 2.6 ( τ > 3 RC; τ < 3 RC).
. 2.6
, ( ). [%] ε = (τ /3τ)100. ε. , U x, ε .
(). , R XC , (− jXC)/(R − jXC). f = 0 XC → ∞, 1, f → ∞ XC = 0, U = 0. , (), Δφ = 060º, 1/6 .
() , , .
, , . f > f . , ( , ).
, . 2.7: f . f ., U 0,7 m[ U (f)]; Δ f = f . − f . . Δ f << (f .; f .), . . , Q = f /Δ f = (f . + f .)/(2Δ f), .
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. 2.7 | . 2.8 |
(. 2.8). - .
U f 0 = 1/(2p RC); | U | = 1/3), (Δφ = 0).
() , , .
. f < f . , ( , , ).
, : f . f ., U 0,7 m[ U (f)]; Δ f = f . − f . . Q = (f . + f .)/(2Δ f) .
- (. 2.9). - , һ.
. 2.9 |
, , ( ), . f 0 = 1/(2p RC). U f = f 0 R C ; n = 5 ( U = 1/11).
( , ), , SiO2. , . , .
. 2.10. -
. 2.10 |
R, C L. C 0 < C. : f = 1/(2p ) f = 1/(2p ). C 0 < C, f > f . ( , XC = 1/(2π fC)), . f . , , f . f , -
. 2.11 |
( , XL). Z . 2.11 ( ), Z f ( ). , (Im Z < 0), f f Im Z > 0 , , . .
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, , , . . Δ t . Δ t () , , . :
1) () ;
2) () ;
3) ().
. . 3.1. ,
. 3.1 |
UC 90º , UL 90º, LC - Δφ = 180º (. 3.2).
. 3.2 |
, , , . . U = = UL + UC (, UL UC U x = UL − UC). , . . U x = UC. UL > UC, , U x U x . ; N , Δ t = N .
, ( ) ρ. ρ , . ρ = .
( ) , .