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, , , ; 1948; , .. (, , ..). . , . , , - . . , , ; . . , - . . ; . , . , ; .

. . . . ; , , - .

.: Klukhohn . Theoretical Bases for an Empirical Method of Studying the Acquisition of Culture by Individuals // Man. 1939. V. 39.; Herskovitz M.J. Man and His Works: The Science of Cultural Anthropology. N.Y., 1948; Redfield R. Peasant Society and Culture. Chi., 1956; Hunter D.E., Whitten P. The Study of Anthropology. N.Y., 1976.

. .

, - . - , - - , , . , , , , . , . . . - - .

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..

(. , , ) , ., , , - -

; , . -. ( . , ; ( .. ). . , , . , , , , , .

, -, . , , .

.: .. . . . ./ ., 1967; .3. . . // . . , , 1992, 4; Souriau E. L'Installation philosophique. P., 1939; Vitry-Maubrey L. de. La pensee cosmologique d'Etienne Souriau. P., 1974.

.3.

. . , , - - . .., . , , . . . . .. -: ., . . ; ; . (, , ..). . .

(1906) , . , .. , . .. (1944) , . , . ; .

.. (1935): . , , . . . , , . , - -. , , . .. , : , . ( , .. , .) . . , ..; , , - - ( ).

. . 20 . . , , . . , - . ; , , . , . . , , , , , . .

. . . (1962) , , , . . , -

.., . .

(.) , . , . , . , - , - . ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ). ., , , , , , . . . , , , . . , , () (). , , . .

. . , . . . . , , -. (, ), , (), (, . ) .. , (1957) . , , , , . , , - , . . ; , , . . . .

. . , , . . . , ..; , - . -; , . , .

. . . ; (), () .. , , . . . , ; - , . , , . . : . (-, , , ..) .

() , , . . -; . - ( ). ; - .

. , , . . , .. . , , . . .

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Sociology. 1951. V. 56. 4; Kluckhohn C. Patterning as Exemplified in Navaho Culture // Language, Culture and Personality: Essays in Memory of Edward Sapir. Menasha, 1941; Sorokin P. Social and Cultural Dynamics. N.Y., 1962.

. .

(. intelligentia, intellegentia -, , ; intelligens, intellegens , , , ) () , ( ) . , , ( , 19 .) , ., -; ; , , , , . .. ( , -. ). . : , .. , , . . , : , , , , , , .

. , . . (., ., . .) 19 . . . ( ) . intellectuels (), . (., ) , -. . . (intelli-gentiels, intelligence), . . ., . . . 18 . . . . intelligentia ; . . - .. (1819) . . , . . 1850-60- . .. , .. , . .. , . .. .

, - : 1920- . .. . -. . , (1927), - , : , , , .. , . . , , ( .. . . . ., 1995. . 22). .. . (., , ). (. . . ., 1969), . .: . , , , . , - , . , . ( , , , .) , .

.., . , , , . , . -. () . ( ) . , . - , , , , , , , , . ( ) , , .

, . . , - , , , , , . . , . . . , , ( ). . . ( , ..

? , .. rendezvous ?, . . . ), . , , , . . ., .

. . , . , , , , .., ( , : . , ). . . , , , . , ., . - : , ( ) , , , () . . -. -, : -, , . , . , . .

, , . , , .. (1866), - ( 1904 1909). , 1875 . : , . ( ) , , . . , , . .. , . .. 1836 ( : ... . .. 1827-1840 . // . ., 1994. 32. . 46). , . : 1) ; 2) . ; 3) , .. (.: , , : . ., 1996. . 412-413). .., . . - 1830- . . 1860- . -.

, , , . , , , . , ( 1860- .), . - , , , . ( ), , - , - , , , ( .. , .. , .. , .. , .. , .. , .. , .. .). . . , . . , ., , , . . ., . , .

, .., , - . , , ., ( , . , - . ), ( , , , -. -) ( , ). .

- - ( ) -, ( , .. , -), - -. , . . ., . , , , . . . , , , , , -.

1880- . ( 1 1881) - . , . , , . 60- 70- . . --, . , , . , , ., , , -, , , , . , .. -. ., , . , , , , -. . . ( ) . . . , , . , , , , ( ), . . , , - , .

. . (1909), . . . ., ( ) . .. ( .. , .. , .. ) , , . ; .. , ; , . . , , , , , , , . , , , - . ; . , . , , , . , . . , . . . , . , , , , , ; , , , , , .





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