4G LTE
UMTS LTE
LTE (Long Term Evolution) 2008. HSPA (High Speed Packet Access) UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) [1] IEEE802.16e WiMAXa. LTE, WiMAX, OFDM, HSPA UMTS HARQ, L2 L3. LTE 3GPP 4- . LTE UMTS ( 3,84 UMTS 10 20 LTE), . LTE Rel.8 3GPP, Rel.9. Rel.10 LTE-A (LTE-Advanced), 200 800 /.
LTE GSM/UMTS . GSM/UMTS (.1.1). Ÿ Iu : GERAN UTRAN. , Gn Iu(PS) (.1.2).
.1.1. UMTS GSM
.1.2.
, 3GPP Rel.7, HSPA+. HSPA+ 28,8 M/ ( MIMO), 11,5 /. Rel.6 B = 10,8 / R = ¾ 16-, R =1 B = 14,4 /. Rel.7 64-, 1,5 . 4- 16- / 6 , 16- 64- 6 .
- ( );
- - ( );
- ( ).
2 MIMO (multiple input multiple output).
HSDPA , Rel.7 (.1.1). Rel.6 .1 13 -18, 64- MIMO.. 64- 21,1 /, MIMO 28 /. 2×2 MIMO 64- 40 /, Rel.7 . HSUPA 16- 11,5 /.
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1.1
UE HSDPA | ; ; | HS-DSCH 2 ; | , / |
1 | 4-, 16-; 5 | 7298; 3 | 1,2 |
2 | 4-, 16-; 5 | 7298; 3 | 1,2 |
3 | 4-, 16-; 5 | 7298; 2 | 1,8 |
4 | 4-, 16-; 5 | 7298; 2 | 1,8 |
5 | 4-, 16-; 5 | 7298; 1 | 3,6 |
6 | 4-, 16-; 5 | 7298; 1 | 3,6 |
7 | 4-, 16-; 10 | 14411; 1 | 7,2 |
8 | 4-, 16-; 10 | 14411; 1 | 7,2 |
9 | 4-, 16-; 15 | 20251; 1 | 10,2 |
10 | 4-, 16-; 15 | 27952; 1 | 14,4 |
11 | 4-; 5 | 3630; 2 | 0,9 |
12 | 4-; 5 | 3630; 1 | 1,8 |
13 | 4-, 16-, 64-; 15 | 35280; 1 | 17,6 |
14 | 4-, 16-, 64-; 15 | 42192; 1 | 21,1 |
15 | 4-, 16-; 15 | 23370; 1 | MIMO 23,4 |
16 | 4-, 16-; 15 | 27952; 1 | MIMO 28,0 |
17 | 4-, 16-, 64-; 15 | 35280; 1 | 17,6 |
4-, 16-; 15 | 23370; 1 | MIMO 23,4 | |
18 | 4-, 16-, 64-; 15 | 42192; 1 | 21,1 |
4-, 16-; 15 | 27952; 1 | MIMO 28,0 |
Rel.7 UTRAN LTE (Long-Term Evolution) .1.4 [3].
.1.4. Rel.6 Rel.8
, LTE Rel.8 : (a-GW) eNodeB. Access Gateway (a-GW) MME (Mobility Management Entity) . . Rel.7 Rel.6 Rel.8. SGSN: GGSN RNC. RLC MAC NodeB, HSPA.
E-UTRA 3GPP UMTS. E-UTRA E-UTRAN (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network) Evolved Packet Core (EPC). [9].
E-UTRAN eNB (E-UTRAN NodeB eNodeB), eNB 2. eNB EPC S1. .1.5 : S-GW (Serving Gateway) , (MME Mobility Management Entity), eNodeB
.
.1.5. eNB
UE eNB OFDM. EPC IP; 3GPP, WiMAX Wi-Fi. All-IP Network (AIPN). , , , , MIMO. LTE (Long Term Evolution).
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LTE
LTE WiMAX.
E-UTRAN . 2.1 [10]. EPC (Evolved Packet Core), eNB S1 X2.
. 2.1. E-UTRAN
EPC , eNB S-GW (Serving Gateway). eNB Node B RNC, . E-UTRAN . S1: S1-MME (Mobility Management Entity) .2.2, ( L2) .2.2.
a) )
.2.2. S1
L2 SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol) IP . , SCTP .
2 (.2.3).
.2.3. 2
LTE .2.5. EPC (Evolved Packet Core) (.2.5) S-GW (Serving Gateway), P-GW (Packet Data Network Gateway), Mobility Management MME (Mobility Management Entity), S-GW eNodeB . . 2.5 , . : MME PCRF (Policy and Charging Resource Function). MME HSS (Home Subscribe Server), HLR, EIR GSM/UMTS.
.2.5. LTE
eNB LTE [10]. eNB 3- :
- ,
- ,
- S-GW,
- ,
- ,
- MME ,
- IP-,
- ,
- Iuant.
S1, .2.5, S-GW . , eNB S-GW (.1.5).
X2 , . 2 , .. eNB.
S-GW :
- ,
- (QoS) ,
- UE, Idle Mode,
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- .
S-GW , . UE S-GW. UE ; S-GW.
P-GW IP-. P-GW . IP-, P-GW . , IP-, P-GW DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) DHCP, IP- . P-GW PCEF (Policy and Charging Enforcement Function), Sgi . P-GW S-GW , . S5 GPRS Proxy Mobile Ipv6 [12]. P-GW S-GW (, ), S5 S8.
Mobility Management: UE S-GW, P-GW. HSS S6a. S10, , UE , .
Policy and Charging Resource Function (PCRF) , , . , PCRF. PCEF P-GW , [13].
E-UTRAN (LTE), , GERAN/UTRAN. GERAN/UTRAN/E-UTRAN .2.6 MME SGSN S3, GERAN/UTRAN S-GW PDN GW.
.2.6. GERAN/UTRAN/E-UTRAN
UTRAN .2.6 S-GW RNC S12. UTRAN Rel.7 . , S-GW ↔ SGSN, SGSN ↔ RNC.
S4 , .. UE E-UTRAN GERAN/UTRAN .
LTE