. .
.
"There is no worse mistake in public leadership than to hold out false hopes soon to be swept away."
Winston S. Churchill,
The Hinge of Fate.1
1950- Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company, &, , General Motors.2 Kroger, , , & , .
, 1960-, & , a Kroger . 1959 1973 , Kroger &. , 25 Kroger 10 , , 80 , &.
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, Kroger, & (Kroger 82 , & 111 ) 1970-; ; , , , . - , .
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1958 Forbes & , .3 , , &, : , , . &, , , . , , , , , ().4 : ?, : .5 , 20 , , .6
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, .8
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: 1. Kroger 1973. 2. $1, 1 1959 3. , , 1 1973. |
: 1. Kroger 1973. 2. $1, 1 1973. 3. , , 1 1998. |
, , , . , , , , , . , , - &. - , .10
Kroger . Kroger 1960-, .11 1970- Kroger : (100% ) . , &, Kroger .
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Kroger , . ( ) , . . 100 , , : . , , : - . , , [29]. , . , , - .12
Kroger , , . , , , , . 1990- Kroger , , 1999.13 , & 1950-, .14
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Pitney Bowes Addressograph. , . 1973 , , . , Pitney Bowes - , a Addressograph - , , .15 2000 Pitney Bowes 30000 $ 4 , Addressograph $ 100 , 670 .16 Pitney Bowes Addressograph 3581 1 (, )
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1976 , , Addiessograph [30], , Litton, . , , Fortune, Addresso-graph .17
, IBM, Xerox Kodak - , .18 -, , , Business Week, , , .19 , , , , .20
, , ( ), , . , .21 Addressograph , . , .22 Addressograph , .23
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, , , : - , , , , .25 Pitney Bowes - Pitney Bowes, . , , Pitney Bowes . , , - .26 , , , , , , - .27
Pitney - 15- , , , .28 - - : , ; , , .29 , , , , , , , : , !.30
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Addressograph, Pitney Bowes, , . , , , . , , ) , - , , , , , . Bank of America ( ): , , . Wells Fargo Pitney Bowes, , , .
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, , II . , , , , , , , . , , , ( ), : . , ! . . . . . , , , .31
, , . , , . , , , .32 , , . , , : , - . - , .33