.


:




:

































 

 

 

 





, , , .

- ( - - ). 1993 68 1 . ( 36,4 /.).[95][95]

, , . , , 634 . ; 14 .[96][96]

. 916,66 1000 272 , , ,  .[97][97] ϳ 189,9 , - 241,5 , 241,5 , - 44 .[98][98]

, .

, . . 60- , , . : (1) , , (2) . 70- , 80- - , . , , . (Environmental Protection Agency) "" , . , , , . . "Standard Oil of Ohio" , "California Edison"; "Volkswagen of America, Inc." , , , ; "General Electrics" , , , "International Harvester" .[99][99]

 

11.

 

, , , (. 11).

䳿, , C. , , . , , (1980), (1986) .[100][100] . ֳ . , , .[101][101] , , . , , .[102][102] 2000- 20% -, ; 1997 ( ) .[103][103] ֳ . 300- ; 45 2 .[104][104] "" , , . , , 㳿 96%, 98,4%, - 98,7%.[105][105] ʳ , . ϳ , , . , , , , . - . [106][106]

1989 . , , , .[107][107] ᒺ , , . 150 .[108][108] " " ( "-"). 10 , - , , , , , . , , , , .

. , , 1965 , , , .[109][109] (, ). , , , .[110][110]

, , " ", . , - . , - . ᒺ: , , . ҳ ; , ; - .[111][111] .

볭 , .

 

"Know-how"

. , , 30- , , - 糿 . ³ , , . . .[112][112]

 

 

, . . , . , 1992 426 , 1993 - 445,3 .[113][113] .

1990 424 , 1992 - 499 , 1993 549 .[114][114] 38% .[115][115]

, : 1992 7% , - 8,2%, 1993 7%, 8,6%, 0,4%.[116][116]

 

, , , . .

50-70- , " :

- ;

- ;

-  ".[117][117]

70- . ., "... . , , , ".[118][118] : , . , , 1989 20910 , , 21570 , Գ䳿 -22120, 㳿 - 22290, - 23810, - 29880 .[119][119] , , , , , .

, . . , - . ³ . ֳ . ( 7), 1935 [120][120] , .

, , 19,8 1980 16,6 1993 , 21,9 15,8% , .[121][121] , , 1935 . , 1993 35 , 182 , 25 1974 , 424 .[122][122]

, 90- , , 50 100 : , , , , . , , , ѳ, ̳, . , , , : , ; , ; , , .

 

* * *

 

, , . , . - .

- , - . , . - . , "... , .... , , (, , ); ".[123][123] " ", , , .[124][124] . , . , " , " ( 22: 39), " , , " ( 6: 31),[125][125] , . , . "... , , , - , , , ".[126][126]

- , :

1) , . , , , ;

2) , ;

3) ;

4) , , ;

5) ( );

6) , .[127][127]

, "" , , , .

- , - , . - 볭 , : , 譺 .

 

 

" "

1. 1. ? ?

2. 2. , ( ). ?

3. 3. , ? .

4. 4. ?

5. 5. , ? .

. : ().- : , 1994.- 11 .

. : . . - .: , 1993. - .21-39.

. : // .- 1994.- 1-2.- .17-18.

. // : 1. .- : , 1992.- .123-150.

. - : 볿 // ³ .- ; , 1995.- .17.- .313-316.

Bej E. U.S. Trade with Centrally-Planned Economics: Prospects and Realities" // Studien zu Nationalitätenfragen.- 1987.- Nr.3.- S.108-132.

Bongaerts J.B., Kraemer A.R. Liability Rules, Insurance and Reduction of Risk of Environmental Damages // The Environmental Professional.- 1989.- Vol.11, No.3.- P.209-219.

Birch T.H. The Incarceration of Wildness: Wildness Areas as Prisons // Environmental Ethics.- 1990.-Vol.12, No.1.- P.3-26.

California May Tighten Environmental Rules // The Oil and Gas Journal.- 1990.- Vol.88, No.6.- P.30.

Cleaning the Air Can Foul Up the Economy // Economist.- 1990.- Vol.314, No.7641.- P.41-42.

Comparative Economic Systems: Model and Cases / Ed. by Morris Bornstein.- 6th ed.- Homewood; Boston: Irwin, 1989.- 499 p.

Dolan E.G., Lindsey D.E. Economics.- Chicago etc.: The Dryden Press, 1988.- P.808-828.

Ethnicity and National Identity: Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics of Persons with Ukrainian Mother Tongue in the United States / Ed. by Oleh Wolowyna.- Cambridge: HURI, 1986.- P.31-44.

Evolutionary Concepts in Contemporary Economics / Ed. by R.W.England.- Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 1994.- P.213-225.

Fink R.J. Public Land Acquisition for Environmental Protection // Ecology Law Quarterly.- 1991.- Vol.18, No.3.- P.485-557.

Gerhard V. Europe 1992: Repercussion on Environmental Protection Policies and Problems of Harmonisation of Environmental Protection Derectives" // Ziegelind. Int.- 1990.- Vol.43, No.4.- P.210-215.

Gianaris N.V. Contemporary Economic Systems: A Regional and Country Approach.- Westport; London: Praeger, 1993.- P.12-25, 53-67.

Gowdy J.M. Coevolutionary Economics: The Economy, Society, and the Environment.- Boston etc.: Kluwer, 1994.- 246 p.

Haslett D.W. Capitalism with Morality.- Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994.- P.47-86.

Oxenfeldt A.R., Holubnychy V. Economic Systems in Action: The United States, The Soviet Union, and France.- 3rd ed.- N.Y. etc.: Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1965.- P.7-73.

Schnitzer M.C., Nordyke J.W. Comparative Economic Systems.- Cincinnati etc.: South-Western, 1971.- P.147-210.

III. ""





:


: 2016-03-25; !; : 891 |


:

:

, , .
==> ...

1591 - | 1507 -


© 2015-2024 lektsii.org - -

: 0.045 .