³ - , , . . .
., , , "... ᒺ, ".[69][69] (-) " ", : , , .
. ) , - , , , , , , , , ; , ) 㳿 ) 譺. - . - " , 䳿". - " , ᒺ 䳿. "" ".[70][70] . , , - .
., , " ... ".[71][71]
, , "... , , , , , ".[72][72] .
"... . , - , - ".[73][73]
. , , , -. - - "... ".[74][74] .
ֳ .. : (); ; ; "know-how"; ; ( ); ; .[75][75]
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- , ?
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- , , , ?[76][76]
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) . , : , ( , , ), , ( , / ), .
) "Know-how". , , "know-how" , , , "know-how", "--";[77][77]
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3.
- 5. () , , , 㳿 . - , . ᒺ.
³ , , " ". " ", ' . - " ", "-".
" " :
WM = f (NF, L, C), (2.1)
WM - " ",
NF - ,
L - ,
C - .
5. - .
, laissez faire, , 30-40 .
||WM|| → max. (2.2)
. , - . , :
||WM|| → min. (2.3)
, , , - :
|
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NF= f (a1, a2,..., an), (2.4)
L= f (b1, b2,..., bm), (2.5)
C= f (c1, c2,..., ck). (2.6)
a1, a2,..., an (a1), (a2), (a3) . , , .
b1, b2,..., bm , , , . - , " " 㳿 , .
c1, c2,..., ck . , - , . 㳿 .
, , , - . " " .
"-" .[78][78]. , - .
䳿 :
P = NF + L + C, (2.6)
P - .
, , , "" , :
P = GR + GWM + RP + WMP, (2.7)
GR - , ;
GWM - , ;
RP - , ;
WMP - , .
, . , :
C = GR + GWM, (2.8)
C - , .
ϳ (2.8) (2.7), :
P = C + RP + WMP. (2.9)
ϳ :
GR = RG, (2.10)
GWM = WMG, (2.11)
RG - , ,
WMG - , .
, (2.8) :
C = RG + WMG. (2.12)
, , 2- : (1) (2) , :
R = RP + RG, (2.13)
WM = WMP + WMG, (2.14)
R - , ;
WM - , , " ".
, - , , , :
1) ;
|
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2) , , ;
3) , .
, " ". :
||WM|| → max, (2.15)
||NF|| → min. (2.16)
, " ":
ΔWM = ΔNF. (2.17)
. , - , [79][79]. , .
, :
F = NF + L + C, (2.18)
, , :
Ft = NFt + Lt + Ct. (2.19)
, , , , :
Ft = NFt + NFt-Δt + Lt + Ct, (2.20)
:
Pt = NFt + NFt-Δt + Lt + Ct. (2.21)
:
Pt = GRt + GWMt + RPt + WMPt = Ct + RPt + WMPt. (2.22)
, :
Ct = GRt + GWMt, (2.23)
GRt → RGt, (2.24)
GWMt → WMGt, (2.25)
Ct → RGt + WMGt. (2.26)
, , :
NFt+Δt = Rt = RPt + RGt. (2.27)
, NF WM:
+ΔWMt = _ΔNFt. (2.28)
(2.1) - (2.28) - .
4.
- . . ³, 70% 90% [80][80], - .
() , , , 㳿 . - - , . ᒺ.
, 100% , , 20% . 80% - . . , , , , " " - .
, , (. 2).[81][81] (, , ) . .
2.
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4.
5.
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6.
.
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7.
8.
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9.
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10.
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, . , , . [82][82] 䳿 . , ; ; (, 12% ).
1
- *
, .. | 603,7 | 356,91 | 551,5 | 449,96 | 9809,43 |
, . | |||||
- , % | 69,2 | 72,8 | 83,1 | 75,8 | |
( 15 64 ), . | |||||
- , % | |||||
- , % | |||||
, /. | 85,36 | 224,84 | 103,75 | 19,22 | 26,01 |
ѳ , % | 72,37 | 49,11 | 55,18 | 8,12 | 44,6 |
, . | 2500 | ||||
, .. | 47,6 | 6343,3 | |||
., .. | 78,8 | 3916,95 | 1958,3 | 323,58 | 646,7 |
: - .
* : Social Indicators of Development, 1995.- Baltimore; London: The John Hopkins University Press, 1995; The World Almanac and Book of Facts, 1995.- Mahwah, N.J.: Funk & Wagnals, 1994.
" "
1. 1. , , , ? 쳭?
2. 2. ? .
3. 3. ?
4. 4. , ?
5. 5. ? ? ?
6. 6. , , - ? ?
. : ().- : , 1994.- 11 .
. : . . - .: , 1993.- .9-39, 206-238.
. : // .- 1994.- 1-2.- .17-18.
. // : .1. .- : , 1992.- .123-150.
. - : 볿 // ³ .- ; , 1995.- .17.- .313-316.
Comparative Economic Systems: Model and Cases / Ed. by Morris Bornstein.- 6th ed.- Homewood; Boston: Irwin, 1989.- 499 p.
Evolutionary Concepts in Contemporary Economics / Ed. by R.W.England.- Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 1994.- P.213-225.
Haslett D.W. Capitalism with Morality.- Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994.- P.1-46.
Schnitzer M.C., Nordyke J.W. Comparative Economic Systems.- Cincinnati etc.: South-Western, 1971.- P.17-146.
Zimbalist A., Sherman H.J., Brown S. Comparing Economic Systems: A Political-Economic Approach.- N.Y. etc.: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1989. - P.446-467.
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