Початок уроку. Ознайомлення з темою уроку. Введення в мовне середовище

Teacher: Boys and girls! Today we shall continue to study English literature. We shall speak about one of the greatest poets and dramatists of the world. He belongs to those rare geniuses of mankind who have become landmarks in the history of world culture.

No writer in the world holds a position similar to Shakespeare’s. His plays are being performed more often and in more countries of the world than ever before. And even those people who did not read his plays have become familiar with some of his more popular works in the cinema and on the television screen. And today we shall speak about Shakespeare’s popular tragedy “Romeo and Juliet”. But first of all what do you know about his life?

 

Pupil: William Shakespeare was born on April, 23, 1564. His father, John Shakespeare, moved to Stratford-on-Avon about 1550. The writer’s mother, Mary Arden was the daughter of a rich farmer. John Shakespeare and his wife lived in a two-story house. This house is one of the most famous places in the world now. There is a small room on the second floor, where William was born.

William went to the grammar school in Stratford, but he was educated more by the people and nature around him than by school. When William was only 18 he married Anna Hathaway, the daughter of a farmer from a village not far from Stratford. Three years later the young Shakespeare who already had three children, went to London because he wanted to be an actor. A few years later he became well-known as a dramatist.

Many of his plays were staged at a London theatre called “The Globe”, which was opened in 1599. Shakespeare wrote 37 plays, 154 sonnets and 2 poems. He is known as a writer of comedies, historical dramas and tragedies. Among his comedies are “A Midsummer Night’s Dream”, “Comedy of Errors”. His tragedies are “Othello”, “Romeo and Juliet”, “Hamlet”. In 1611 Shakespeare came back to Stratford where he died on April 23, 1616. He was buried in a beautiful old church in Stratford-on-Avon.

 

Teacher: Now, look at these pictures, which describe the places connected with poet’s life. What places can you see in these pictures?

 

Pupil 1: Іn the first picture I can see the Shakespeare’s Memorial Theatre you can see the plays of Shakespeare every year from April to November. Lots of people from all over the world go to this theatre to see the plays. Sometimes they queue for hours, sometimes for days to buy tickets. So, let’s sum up. How many plays did Shakespeare write?

 

Pupil 1: He wrote 37 plays.

 

Teacher: What comedies written by Shakespeare do you know?

 

Pupil 2: His comedies are: “Midsummer Night’s Dream”, “Comedy of Errors” and others.

 

Teacher: What great tragedies did Shakespeare write?

 

Pupil 3: He wrote “Othello”, “Romeo and Juliet”, “Hamlet”.

 

2. Далі йде почергове ведення уроку вчителем англійської мови та вчителем світової літератури.

Вчитель: Отже, творчий доробок Шекспіра – це 37 п’єс, дві поеми, 154 сонети. Оскільки нас сьогодні цікавить драматургія Шекспіра, давайте пригадаємо:

1. Що таке драматичний твір?

2. Які драматичні жанри вам відомі?

3. Що ж таке трагедія

Ви познайомились із високо поетичною трагедією Шекспіра «Ромео і Джульєтта» (1595).

А ось тепер послухайте музику. Це музика англійських вірджиналістів епохи відродження. Вірджинал – різновид клавесина, від якого пішли фортепіано, рояль. Слухаючи цю музику, ми уявляємо давній великий замок, бал, на якому вперше зустрілись і покохали один одного Ромео і Джульєтта. Отже, «сумніших оповідей не знайдете, ніж про любов Ромео і Джульєтти». Ф чому події, описані у трагедії, відбуваються в Італії? Сюжет запозичений з поеми англійського поета Артура Брука, котрий у свою чергу запозичив його з італійської поеми Матео Банделло. Тому і дія відбувається в італійському місті Вероні.

Teacher: So, what is this play about? What are the main characters of this tragedy?

Pupil 1: “Romeo and Juliet” is a tale of true love that is stronger than death”. The young lovers, Romeo and Juliet, are of two noble Italian families: Juliet was a Capulet, Romeo – a Montague. These families had quarreled with each other and, as they believed in feudal prejudice, the young people were separated and both fell victims to the family feud. But so great and pure was the love of Romeo and Juliet, so sad their early and that even their families saw, alas, too late, how wrong they had been and forgot their old feud over the lover’s grave.

Romeo saw Juliet for the first time at ball in the Capulet’s house.

For a Montague to enter the house of a Capulet mean mortal danger. Romeo put on a mask and went to the Capulet’s ball, sure that no one would recognize him. It was at this ball that Romeo and Juliet met for the first time, and fell in love with each other.

Pupil 2: After that ball Romeo’s thoughts were full of Juliet. He wanted to see her again, to learn if she loved him too. So at night he climbed ever a high wall and got into the orchard, which was under Juliet’s window. Romeo calls Juliet to her window. Juliet answered him readily, for she has also fallen in love with him at first sight. Juliet’s character is one of the best in the gallery of Shakespeare’s feminine types. Juliet is a very young girl. Until now she was rather timid and obedient to her parent’s will. Now, her deep feeling for Romeo is fast turning her to a woman, and she finds courage to protest against the feudal prejudices that rule his class, but the first real and sincere feeling that he experiences, makes him understand what true tenderness is and learn to respect the woman he loves

Вчитель: Отже, який конфлікт лежить в основі твору? Конфлікт між двома ворогуючими сім’ями

- Монтеккі і Капулетті

- Чим зумовлена ця ворожнеча?

- Ворожнеча зумовлена обставинами суспільного життя, зіткнення феодальної і гуманістичної моралі.

- Замалюйте Джульєтту, її риси характеру, поведінку.

- Охарактеризуйте Ромео. Чи стосується такий же розвиток образу Ромео? З великою художньою переконливістю, у тонах найщирішого ліризму Шекспір розкриває високу поезію почуттів Ромео і Джульєтти.

 

Teacher: Look at this picture. Here you can see Romeo and Juliet. They tell each other of their love for the first time. Let’s watch the scene in the Capulet’s orchard, acted out by your classmates.

Act II

Scene I

The Capulet’s orchard.

 

Romeo (coming forward). Juliet appears above at the window.

Romeo: It is my lady; O it is my love.

O, that she knew she were.-

She speaks, yet she says nothing: what of that?

Her eye discourses, I will answer it.-

I am too bold; t’is not to me she speaks.

See, now she leans her cheek upon her hand,

That I might tought her cheek.

Juliet: Ah, me.

Romeo: O, speak again, bright angel.

Juliet: O, Romeo, Romeo. Wherefore art thou Romeo? Or, if I’ll no longer be a Capulet.

Romeo: Shall I hear more, or shall I speak like this? (aside)

Juliet: T’is but thy name that is my enemy: - O, be some other name.

What’s in a name. Тhat which we call a rose.

By any other name would smell as sweet;

Romeo, doff thy name;

And for that name, which is not part of thee,

Take all myself.

Romeo: I take thy at thee word:

Call me but love, and I’ll be new baptized;

Henceforth I never will be Romeo.

Juliet: How camest thou hither, yell me and wherefore?

The orchard walls are high and hard to climb?

Romeo: With love’s light wings did I o’er-fly these walls;

For stony limits cannot hold love out.

Juliet: If they do see thee here, they will murder thee.

I would not for the world they saw thee here.

Romeo: I have night’s cloak to hide me from their sight.

And but thou love me, let them find me here.

Juliet: O gentle Romeo,

If thou dost love, pronounce it faithfully.

Romeo: What shall I swear by?

Juliet: Do not swear at all.

Good-night, good-night, as sweet repose and rest

Come to thy heart as that within my breast.

Romeo: O, will thou leave me so unsatisfied?

Juliet: What satisfaction canst thou have tonight?

Romeo: The exchange of thy love’s faithful now for mine.

Juliet: My love as deep; the more I give to thee,

The more I have, for both are infinite.

I hear some noise within; dear love, adieu.

Romeo: O blessed, blessed night. I am afeared,

Being in night, all this is but a dream.

Вчитель: Чому ж таке велике кохання приречене на загибель? В чому трагізм долі героїв?

Учень: На шляху до щастя героїв загрозливою перешкодою стоять давня кривава ворожнеча між родинами та жорстока феодальна мораль. Ромео і Джульєтта – це вже люди нового часу. Світ, який вони приймають, заснований на добрі й любові. Глибина і природність почуття веде їх до розуміння невиправданості законів ворожнечі і насильства у стосунках між людьми. Їх почуття чисте і радісне, воно духовно збагачує героїв, зміцнює волю. Ромео і Джульєтта смертю своєю подолали стару модель. І це можна довести фіналом п’єси.

 

4. Робота з текстом. Зачитати фінал V дії, сцена 3.

5. Підбиття підсумків уроку. Узагальнення.

Чому цю трагедію можна назвати оптимістичною і гуманістичною?

Ворогуючі родини відкинули помсту, злобу, визнали правоту людяності і миру. Над тілами загиблих з’єднуються руки Монтекі і Капулетті. Торжествує світле начало. Оптимістичного звучання трагедії надає уславлення краси і сили земної любові, віри в розум майбутнього.

6. Виставлення оцінок

Teacher: Since our lesson was conducted both in Ukrainian and in English, I’d like to summarize. I think all of you felt the atmosphere of Shakespeare’s times. All pupils who took part in our lesson got excellent marks. And there is a special prize for our Romeo and Juliet. Though their acting was not so perfect, they did their best. And I want to encourage them with these special postcards with a picture of Shakespeare.

7. Домашнє завдання.

1. Скласти характеристику образів Ромео і Джульєтти.

2. To make a plan to the Shakespeare’s tragedy “Romeo and Juliet”.