Discussion
1. Discuss in pairs:
- What springs to mind when you hear the word tourism?
- Do you like to get off the beaten track?
- What is the all in get away from it all?
- Where is your perfect holiday destination?
- Do you think Antarctica should be set up as a holiday destination?
- How long do you think it will be before there is serious environmental damage in Antarctica?
- Are there any pristine parts of your country?
- Is it a good idea to auction holiday places to the highest bidders?
- What do you imagine vacationing in a frozen wilderness to be like?
- Is modern tourism a force for good?
- Should we now do what we can to keep Earths unspoiled places unspoiled?
- Where are there usually hordes of tourists? Have you ever been part of the hordes?
- Do you think Antarctica should become a country?
- What does Antarctica mean to the world?
- What delicate ecosystems are there in your country?
Writing
Write a magazine article about tourism in Antarctica. Include imaginary interviews with a tour company CEO who sees millions of dollars of profit and a penguin who wants Antarctica to be left alone. Read what you wrote to your classmates the next lesson. Write down any new words and expressions you hear from your partner(s).
Unit 9. OPINIONS
Vocabulary
Look up the translation of the following words and word combinations in the dictionary:
1) appeal (to) (v) I think Jane Austens novels probably appeal more to women.
2) attach importance to sth (phr) Women attach greater importance to birthdays than men.
3) attract (v) Have you ever lied about your age to attract somebody?
4) class (n) (U) At the end of the story love overcomes differences in class.
5) compared with Three out of four women buy new clothes to attract somebody, compared with one in five men.
6) cross paths (phr) If two people cross paths, they meet.
7) delighted (adj) Mrs Bennet is delighted when Mr Bingley is attracted to one of her daughters.
8) despise (v) If you despise someone, you strongly dislike them.
9) diet (v) If you diet, you eat less to lose weight.
10) eligible (adj) Mrs Bennet wants to find wealthy husbands for her eligible daughters.
11) enormous (adj) Something that is enormous is extremely big.
12) estate (n) An estate is a very large area of land that belongs to one person.
13) executioner (n) An executioner is someone whose job is to kill criminals.
14) fate (n) Fate is the power that is supposed to control peoples lives.
15) be in favour of (phr) Men are more in favour of marriage than women.
16) gradually (adv) Mr Darcy gradually grows more interested in Elizabeth.
17) grow interested (phr) At first he considers her inferior but then grows more interested in her.
18) handsome (adj) A handsome man is good-looking.
19) hilarious (adj) Something that is hilarious is extremely funny.
20) I dont care. (phr) How do you feel if your partner forgets your birthday? I dont care.
21) infatuated (adj) Someone who is infatuated is in love with another person even though they may not know that person well.
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22) inferior (to) (adj) If you think someone is socially inferior to you, you think they are not as wealthy or important as you.
23) knock a few years off (phr) If you knock a few years off your age, you lie and say you are younger than you are.
24) lie (v) People sometimes lie about their age to try to attract a partner.
25) live up to sth (phr v) Tom Hanks said he felt confident that he lived up to his reputation as Mr Nice Guy.
26) Mr Nice Guy (n) Mr Nice Guy is an expression for a man who is always kind and thinks of other people.
27) neighbouring (adj) Neighbouring is a word meaning near the place where you live.
28) overcome (v) A t the end of the story love overcomes differences in class.
29) prejudice (n) A prejudice is an unreasonable feeling of not liking someone or something.
30) pride (n) Pride is a feeling of pleasure and satisfaction about something you have achieved.
31) put on (a few kilos) (phr) If you put on a few kilos, you gain a few kilos in weight.
32) rebellious (adj) Someone who is rebellious does not accept authority or accepted rules.
33) relate (to) (v) I found the characters irritating and silly, and couldnt relate to them at all.
34) save the planet (phr) If you want to save the planet, you want to help the environment by reducing pollution.
35) significant (adj) A significant number of men and women admitted they had lied about their age.
36) similarly (adv) Similarly is a word that means in the same way.
37) solar-powered (adj) A machine that is solar-powered gets its energy from the sun.
38) take an instant dislike (phr) Elizabeth takes an instant dislike to Darcy because she thinks he is superior.
39) take risks (phr) I dont take risks I always read books by authors I know.
40) wait ages (phr) Youre late! Im sorry, I had to wait ages for a bus.
41) wealthy (adj) Someone who is wealthy has a lot of money.
42) witty (adj) Something that is witty is clever in an amusing way.
Adjectives ending in ed
1) annoyed If you feel annoyed, you feel slightly angry.
2) bored The film was too long and we got bored.
3) challenged If you feel challenged, you feel slightly worried or frightened of something difficult.
4) confused If you feel confused, you dont know what to think or feel.
5) excited I get really excited when one of my favourite authors brings out a new book.
6) exhausted If you feel exhausted, you feel very tired.
7) fascinated Im fascinated by biographies of famous people.
8) inspired If you feel inspired to do something, you really want to do it.
9) interested Some people are more interested in films than books.
10) relaxed W e feel nice and relaxed after the holiday.
11) tired I usually feel tired after a day at work.
12) worried What are you so worried about?
Adjectives ending in ing
1. annoying Something that is annoying makes you feel slightly angry.
2. boring I read the first page and if its boring, I dont buy the book.
3. challenging Something that is challenging is difficult to achieve.
4. confusing Something that is confusing is difficult to understand.
5. engaging Characters who are engaging are attractive and easy to like.
6. exciting The book was really exciting I couldnt put it down.
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7. exhausting Something that is exhausting makes you feel very tired.
8. fascinating Something that is fascinating is extremely interesting.
9. gripping The book wasnt just exciting it was gripping!
10. inspiring I find strong women in history particularly inspiring.
11. interesting What I find interesting in a book is the relationships between the characters.
12. relaxing Reading a book in a hot bath is very relaxing.
13. thought-provoking Something that is thought-provoking is stimulating and intriguing.
14. tiring Something that is tiring makes you feel tired.
15. worrying Something that is worrying makes you feel worried.
Books
1) author (n) Whos your favourite author?
2) autobiography (n) An autobiography is a book that a person writes about their own life.
3) bestseller (n) A bestseller is a book that sells a lot of copies.
4) biography (n) A biography is a book about a persons life written by someone else.
5) book review (n) Book reviews are articles written by a journalist about new books.
6) cant put it down (phr v)The book was gripping I just couldnt put it down!
7) chapter (n) Books are divided into chapters.
8) (central/main) character (n) The central female character in Pride and Prejudice is Elizabeth Bennet.
9) cover (n) If the cover of a book looks interesting, I buy it.
10) difficult to get into (phr) The book was a bit difficult to get into at first, but I ended up really enjoying it.
11) fantasy (n) A fantasy book is a book about an imaginary world.
12) fiction (n) I never read fiction but I love biographies.
13) novel (n) Pride and Prejudice is a classic romantic novel.
14) paperback (n) A paperback is a book with a soft cover.
15) plot (n) The plot of a story is the things that happen during the story.
16) revolve around (phr v) The storyline of Pride and Prejudice revolves around Mr and Mrs Bennet and their daughters.
17) romantic novel (n) Pride and Prejudice is a classic romantic novel.
18) science fiction (n) Science fiction is books and films about imaginary future events and characters.
19) be set in (phr v) Pride and Prejudice is set in England in the early 19th century.
20) short story (n) A short story is a short piece of fiction.
21) the story unfolds (phr) As the story unfolds true love overcomes all obstacles.
22) storyline (n) The storyline is a word that means the same as plot.
23) take place (v) Pride and Prejudice takes place in England in the early 19th century.
24) well written (adj) Jane Austens novels are all very well written.
Films
1) acting (n) The acting in the film was brilliant.
2) action film (n) An action film is one in which there are a lot of interesting, exciting events.
3) be based on (v) Forrest Gump is based on a true story.
4) comed y (n) A comedy is a film that makes you laugh.
5) direct (v) I cant remember who directed Forrest Gump.
6) director (n) The film won six Oscars, including best director.
7) ending (n) Does the film have a happy or sad ending?
8) footage (n) Forrest Gump contains black and white footage from the 60s.
9) gangster film (n) A gangster film is about the activities of gangs of criminals.
10) a hit (n) The film was a real hit and won six Oscars.
11) horror film (n) A horror film is a film that is intended to frighten people.
12) leading actor (n) The leading actor in Forrest Gump is Tom Hanks.
13) love story (n) A love story is about a romantic relationship between two people.
14) make you cry (phr) The film made you cry, didnt it? No, it didnt, Ive got a cold.
15) musical (n) A musical is a film that contains a lot of songs.
16) photography (n) The photography is the photographs and images that are shown during a film.
17) play the part of (phr) Tom Hanks also plays the part of the executioner in The Green Mile.
18) premier (n) The premier of a film is the occasion on which it is shown for the first time.
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19) romantic comedy (n) A romantic comedy is a film about a romance that is also amusing.
20) science fiction film (n) A science fiction film is about imaginary future events and characters.
21) soundtrack (n) The soundtrack is the music that accompanies a film.
22) special effects (n pl) The special effects are all done using computers.
23) spy film (n) A spy film is about people who find out secret information about a country or organisation.
24) subtitles (n pl) The subtitles are the words appearing at the bottom of a screen to translate what people are saying in a foreign film.
25) a (sentimental) tearjerker (n) A sentimental tearjerker is a film that makes you cry.
26) thriller (n) A thriller is a film about something exciting or dangerous, such as a crime.
27) war film (n) War films are about war.
28) western (n) A western is a film about cowboys.
29) win (six) Oscars (phr) Forrest Gump was a very successful film that won six Oscars.
Music
1) album (n) Whats your favourite track on the album?
2) band (n) Whos your favourite band?
3) blues (n) Blues is a type of slow, sad music that originally comes from the southern US.
4) classical (adj) Do you prefer classical or pop music?
5) dance (n) Dance music is very popular.
6) gig (n) A gig is a public performance of popular music.
7) hip-hop (n) Hip-hop is a type of music that uses rap combined with musical instruments.
8) lyrics (n pl) The lyrics are the words of a song.
9) opera (n) An opera is a type of play that is sung to classical music.
10) orchestra (n) An orchestra is a large group of musicians who play classical music on different instruments.
11) perform live (phr) We saw the band performing live at Wembley they were brilliant.
12) reggae (n) Reggae is a type of music that developed in Jamaica in the 1960s.
13) stereo system (n) The sounds not very good I think theres a problem with the stereo system.
14) techno (n) I cant stand all that techno stuff I like it when you can hear the lyrics!
15) track (n) The album is made up of twelve tracks.
Supplementary Reading
1. Read and translate the text:
THE CONCRETE CEILING
Why women are up against it?
Someone once observed that a glass ceiling blocks women's rise to the top. But it seems more like a concrete ceiling. The following could be what's stopping women:
Because boys are taken more seriously than girls at school.
Because some female high achievers, such as Margaret Thatcher, often dont promote other women.
Because women have babies.
Because men think women wont be as committed to their jobs once they have a child.
Because women get all moody and useless once a month.
Because a woman is still judged on her looks.
Because women think men won't love them any more if they're successful.
Because women are busy doing housework when they could be training, impressing the boss and networking.
Because womens brains are smaller.
Because working mothers are made to feel guilty.
Because women are told to start out as secretaries, and good secretaries rarely get promoted.
Because not enough women have the courage or confidence to speak out about inequality
Because women say sorry, sorry, sorry all the time.
Because women are either too tough or not tough enough.
Because men fear and distrust powerful women.
Because no one ever thinks of calling the father when a child is ill.
Because a lot of men genuinely think of themselves as superior to women.
Because some men just don't listen to what women are saying.
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Just because.
Exercises on the text
1. Scan the article. Which sentences have almost the same meaning as these?
1. When a child has a problem, people refer to the mother first.
- Successful women should show more solidarity with other women.
- Women apologize too much.
- If you are at the bottom of a company, you will probably stay at the bottom.
- Women are either weak or aggressive.
- To be successful, women have to be pretty.
- Women with children dont work so hard at the office (according to men).
2. Can you think of another title for the article, without using the expressions glass ceiling" or "concrete ceiling"?
3. Which are the most important points in the article? Choose the top three and explain them in your own words.
4. Make up two more sentences beginning Because..." to add to the article. Discuss them with your partner.
Discussion
1. Discuss in pairs: think about women who have successful careers. Choose one - it could be a member of your family, a friend, or a famous woman you know about. Tell your partner about her. Has she succeeded in a man's world? Does she also look after a family? What about particular problems she might have in her career? Has she experienced sexist attitudes from men, or even from other women?
2. Give parents some advice on how to avoid "stereotyping" when they bring up their daughters and sons. Write six points like this example:
"Don't give boys more attention than girls, even if they want it."
Revision
1. Translate the sentences from Russian into English using the vocabulary of the unit:
1) , , .
2) , .
3) , . , , .
4) , , , .. , , , . , , ?
5) - , , .
6) . . , .
7) , , . , , .
8) . . .
9) , , , , . , .
10) , , , . , , , , .
11) , . . .
12) .
13) , , , . , .
14) . .
15) , .
Listening
1. Before listening to the article look at the headline of the article and guess whether these sentences are true (T) or false (F):
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