, , 1. 2 () 1 , , . , .
=|| ij||, ij - () 1 i j 2 (i=1,,m; j=1,,n).
: 1: g=1,,n akj < alj, k,l=1,,m, k- 1 . , , ( ) , , , .
. 1 m : 1,2,,m, n (): 1,2,...,n, () 1:
: (), R=||rij||m,n. - . R () .
- , , , , j- .
() j, , , ..
rij=bi-aij, bi=max aij j; 1≤i≤m, aij .
rij= aij-bi, bi=min aij j; 1≤i≤m, aij ().
, (), .
: , , .
. .
aij , , , W=max min aij, 1≤i≤m, 1 ≤ j≤n - .
aij , , , W=min max aij, 1≤i≤m, 1 ≤ j≤n - .
|
|
. , .
. , , R:
S=min max rij, 1≤i≤m, 1 ≤ j≤n
, ().
- . , .
: (1-) , .
:
HA=max{p max aij+(1-p) min aij}, 1≤i≤m, 1 ≤ j≤n, aij .
HA=min{p min aij+(1-p) max aij}, 1≤i≤m, 1 ≤ j≤n, aij ().
p=0 . p=1 max max aij, , .
R -
HR=min{p max rij+(1-p) min rij}, 1≤i≤m, 1 ≤ j≤n,
=0 1 (min rij); =1 .
0 1 , , . =0,5 .
, , . . 1.
. , . , , : 10, 15, 20 25 . . . - (- ), - . . 4.1.
4.1
, , , .
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, : 1, 2, 3, 4. : 1, 2, 3, 4. i i :
. a ij , .. ,
Rij=aij-bI, bi=min aij.
1: bi=6
2: bi=7
3: bi=9
3: bi=15
(.4.1)
MS Excel . 4.1.
aij , .. , .
1: max a ij=24
2: max a ij=28
3: max a ij=23
4: max a ij=27
W=min max aij=23 (.4.1), , (3).