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, .

5 (). f(x) [a,b] (a,b), f(a) = f(b). c, , f( c ) = 0.

. , . , , , [a,b]. . - - , .

(.23): , , .


, , .

.

6 (). f(x) [a,b] (a,b). c, ,

f' (c) = (f (b) -f (a)) / (b-a). (8)

.

g (x) = f (x) -f (a)-(f (b) -f (a))(x-a) / (b-a).

: [a,b], (a,b), g(a) = g(b) = 0. , cÎ(a,b), ,

g' (c) = f' (c)-(f (b) -f (a)) / (b-a) = 0.

f' (c) = (f (b) -f (a)) / (b-a).

.24. , (f(b)-f(a))/(b-a) , A(a,f(a)),B(b,f(b)) y = f(x), f'(c) , C(c,f(c)). , y = f(x) A B C, AB.

2. f(x) , .

(8).

, f(x)/g(x) 0/0 x a,

lim x af (x) = lim x ag (x) = 0.

-
limx af(x)/g(x), . x a-0 (x a+0), x ¥.

0/0.

7 ( ). (a) - d - a, f(x),g(x) , g'(x) ¹ 0,

lim x af (x) = lim x ag (x) = 0.

lim x af'(x)/g'(x), lim x af(x)/g(x),

lim x af (x) /g (x) = lim x af' (x) /g' (x).

¥/¥.

. . , .

, f(x) = x+sin x, g(x) = x-sin x, x ¥.

lim x ¥(x+ sin x) / (x- sin x) = ¥ / ¥ = =lim x ¥(x+ sin x) '/ (x- sin x) ' = lim x ¥ (1+cos x) / (1-cos x),

, , x, :

lim x ¥(x+ sin x) / (x- sin x) = lim x ¥ (1+sin x/x) / (1-sin x/x) = 1

. f'(x),g'(x) , , , .. ..

0/0 ¥/¥ : 0 ¥, ¥-¥, 1¥, 0¥, ¥0. 0/0 ¥/¥ . 1¥, 0¥, ¥0.

y = f (x) g (x), (9)

limx af(x) = 1;0;¥, limx ag(x) = ¥;0, (9), ( f(x)>0)

ln y = g (x)ln f (x).

x a 0¥. , 0 ¥ 0/0 ¥/¥.

y = f(x)g(x), limx af(x) = 0, limx ag(x) = ¥. y , y = f(x)/(1/g(x)), x a 0/0.

.

12. , :

1. limx 0(eax-e-2ax)/ln (1+x) = 0/0= limx 0(aeax+2ae-2ax)/(1/(1+x)) = 3a.

2. lim x ¥(e 1 /x 2 - 1) / (2 arctg x 2-p) = 0 / 0= lim x ¥(-2 x- 3 e 1 /x 2) / (4 x/ (1 +x 4)) = lim x ¥ -e 1 /x 2(1 +x 4) / 2 x 4 = -1 / 2.

3. limx 1(1/ln x-1/(x-1)) = ¥-¥ = limx 1 (x-1-ln x)/((x-1)ln x) = limx 1(1-1/x)/(ln x+1-1/x) = limx 1(x-1)/(xln x+x-1) = limx 11/(ln x+2) = 1/2.

4. limx +0(1/x)sin x. y = (1/x)sin x, ln y = sin xln (1/x),

lim x +0ln y = lim lim x +0sin x ln (1 /x). lim x +0ln y = lim x +0(-ln x) / (1 / sin x) = lim x +0(-1 /x) / (-cos x/ sin2 x) = lim x +0 sin2 x/ (x cos x) = 0.

, limx 0 y = e0 = 1.

8 ( ). f (x) x = a n+ 1. a x ¹ a , :

(10)

(10) ,

. , f (n+ 1)(x) a, x a , (x-a) n. ,

Rn+ 1(x) = o ((x-a) n) x a.

.

a = 0:

(11)

Rn+ 1 = o (xn) x 0.





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