.


:




:

































 

 

 

 





4

1 6

2 23

3

24

4 ,

29

5 35

6 32

36

41

50

51

50

 

, , .

, , , . : , .

.

. , .

. , , . .

, , , .

, , , .

, , . . . . , , . .


 

, :

1 Ø14 15 164.

2 164.

3 145 Ø12 164.

4 145 Ø14 164.

5 Ø4 164.

6 12 164.

, :

1 Ø14 15 164.

2 164.

3 145 Ø12 164.

4 145 Ø14 164.

5 Ø4 2135.

6 12 164.

 

1


 

[3, 101]:

=+++,

(.); (.);

=.+.++,

. (.); . (.); (.); (.); ();

=+,

(.); (.).

,

t (.); (.). (.);

,

(.).


 

1

[3, 146] =0,17×d×l×10-3, l ;

=0.17×14×15×10-3=0,036 .

[3, 197, 5.1] .+.=0,06 .

0,01 [3, 202, 5.8].

0,04 .

[3, 207, 5.16]: =0,12 .

:

=0,06+0,01+0,04+0,12=0,23 .

:

=0,036+0,23=0,266 .

t=2 [3, 209, 5.17] : ×

.

[3, 212, 5.21] 1% ,

.

[3, 213, 5.22] =7% ,

.

1=0,036 +0,23+0,00314+0,00252=0,27 .

[3, 146] =0,17×d×l×10-3, l ;

=0.17×14×8×10-3=0,02 .

[3, 197, 5.1] .+.=0,06 .

0,01 [3, 202, 5.8].

0,04 .

[3, 207, 5.16]: =0,12 .

:

=0,06+0,01+0,04+0,12=0,23 .

:

=0,02+0,23=0,25 .

t=2 [3, 209, 5.17] : ×

.

[3, 212, 5.21] 1% ,

.

[3, 213, 5.22] =7% ,

.

2=0,02 +0,23+0,00276+0,0014=0,25 .

[3, 146] =0,1×d×l×10-3, l ;

=0,1×12×1×10-3=0,0012 .

[3, 197, 5.1] .+.=0,06 .

0,01 [3, 202, 5.8].

1 0,016 .

[3, 207, 5.16]: =0,12 .

:

=0,06+0,01+0,016+0,12=0,206 .

:

=0,0012+0,206=0,2072 .

t=2 [3, 209, 5.17] : ×

.

[3, 212, 5.21] 1% ,

.

[3, 213, 5.22] =7% ,

.

3=0,0012 +0,206+0,002088+0,000084=0,21 .

[3, 146] =0,1×d×l×10-3, l ;

=0,1×14×1×10-3=0,0014.

[3, 197, 5.1] .+.=0,06 .

0,01 [3, 202, 5.8].

1 0,016 .

[3, 207, 5.16]: =0,12 .

:

=0,06+0,01+0,016+0,12=0,206 .

:

=0,0014+0,206=0,2074 .

t=2 [3, 209, 5.17] : ×

.

[3, 212, 5.21] 1% ,

.

[3, 213, 5.22] =7% ,

.

4=0,0014 +0,206+0,002092+0,000098=0,21 .

[3, 146] =0,52×l×D×10-3, D , l ;

=0,52×23×4×10-3=0,048 .

[1, 197, 5.1] .+.=0,1 .

0,01 [3, 202, 5.8].

0,01 .

[3, 207, 5.16]: =0,12 .

:

=0,1+0,01+0,12+0,01=0,24 .

:

=0,048+0,24=0,288 .

t=2 [3, 209, 5.17] : ×

.

[3, 212, 5.21] 1% ,

.

[3, 213, 5.22] =7% ,

.

5=0,048+0,24+0,00352+0,00336=0,29 .

[3, 146] =19×l×D×10-3, D , l ;

=19×15×12×10-3=3,42 .

[3, 197, 5.1] .+.=0,06 .

0,01 [3, 202, 5.8].

0,01 .

[3, 207, 5.16]: =0,12 .

:

=0,06+0,01+0,01+0,12=0,2 .

:

=3,42+0,2=3,62 .

t=2 [3, 209, 5.17] : ×

.

[3, 212, 5.21] 1% ,

.

[3, 213, 5.22] =7% ,

.

6=3,42+0,2+0,0818+0,2394=3,94 .

=1+2+3+4+5+6=0,27+0,25+0,21+0,21+0,29+3,94=5,17.

2

[3, 146] =0,17×d×l×10-3, l ;

=0.17×14×15×10-3=0,036 .

[3, 197, 5.1] .+.=0,06 .

0,01 [3, 202, 5.8].

0,04 .

[3, 207, 5.16]: =0,12 .

:

=0,06+0,01+0,04+0,12=0,23 .

:

=0,036+0,23=0,266 .

t=2 [3, 209, 5.17] : ×

.

[3, 212, 5.21] 1% ,

.

[3, 213, 5.22] =7% ,

.

1=0,036 +0,23+0,00314+0,00252=0,27 .

[3, 146] =0,17×d×l×10-3, l ;

=0.17×14×8×10-3=0,02 .

[3, 197, 5.1] .+.=0,06 .

0,01 [3, 202, 5.8].

0,04 .

[3, 207, 5.16]: =0,12 .

:

=0,06+0,01+0,04+0,12=0,23 .

:

=0,02+0,23=0,25 .

t=2 [3, 209, 5.17] : ×

.

[3, 212, 5.21] 1% ,

.

[3, 213, 5.22] =7% ,

.

2=0,02 +0,23+0,00276+0,0014=0,25 .

[3, 146] =0,1×d×l×10-3, l ;

=0,1×12×1×10-3=0,0012 .

[3, 197, 5.1] .+.=0,06 .

0,01 [3, 202, 5.8].

1 0,016 .

[3, 207, 5.16]: =0,12 .

:

=0,06+0,01+0,016+0,12=0,206 .

:

=0,0012+0,206=0,2072 .

t=2 [3, 209, 5.17] : ×

.

[3, 212, 5.21] 1% ,

.

[3, 213, 5.22] =7% ,

.

3=0,0012 +0,206+0,002088+0,000084=0,21 .

[3, 146] =0,1×d×l×10-3, l ;

=0,1×14×1×10-3=0,0014.

[3, 197, 5.1] .+.=0,06 .

0,01 [3, 202, 5.8].

1 0,016 .

[3, 207, 5.16]: =0,12 .

:

=0,06+0,01+0,016+0,12=0,206 .

:

=0,0014+0,206=0,2074 .

t=2 [3, 209, 5.17] : ×

.

[3, 212, 5.21] 1% ,

.

[3, 213, 5.22] =7% ,

.

4=0,0014 +0,206+0,002092+0,000098=0,21 .

[3, 146] =0,52×l×D×10-3, D , l ;

=0,52×23×4×10-3=0,048 .

[1, 197, 5.1] .+.=0,1 .

0,01 [3, 202, 5.8].

0,01 .

[3, 207, 5.16]: =0,12 .

:

=0,1+0,01+0,12+0,01=0,24 .

:

=0,048+0,24=0,288 .

t=2 [3, 209, 5.17] : ×

.

[3, 212, 5.21] 1% ,

.

[3, 213, 5.22] =7% ,

.

5=0,048+0,24+0,00352+0,00336=0,29 .

[3, 146] =19×l×D×10-3, D , l ;

=19×15×12×10-3=3,42 .

[3, 197, 5.1] .+.=0,06 .

0,01 [3, 202, 5.8].

0,01 .

[3, 207, 5.16]: =0,12 .

:

=0,06+0,01+0,01+0,12=0,2 .

:

=3,42+0,2=3,62 .

t=2 [3, 209, 5.17] : ×

.

[3, 212, 5.21] 1% ,

.

[3, 213, 5.22] =7% ,

.

6=3,42+0,2+0,0818+0,2394=3,94 .

=1+2+3+4+5+6=0,27+0,25+0,21+0,21+0,29+3,94=5,17.

 


1.4

, . .

N=20000 ;

: ;

Σt1 = 5,17 .;

Σt2 = 5,17 .

:

F = 3861 .;

[3, c.39]:

. = + . + ·(+),

, ./;

. , ./;

( =0,15);

, , ./.

[3, c.39]:

=e···,

e , , 9%, 7,6% 30% (e = 1,09ˑ1,076ˑ1,3 = 1,525); [3, . 40]

- ( 2- : = 54,8 ./); [3, . 40]

, ( : = 1); [3, . 39]

, ( : = 1). [3, 40]

= 1 = 2 = 1,525·54,8·1·1 =83,55 ./.

[3, 40]:

( : = 44,6 ./); [3, 40]

, . [3, .147]

11 = 12 = 1,3;

22 = 0,5;

1 = 2 = 44,6·1.3 = 60,21 ./;

2 = 44,6·0, = 22,3 ./;

[3, .42]:

= ;

, .;

1 (164) = 2= 9390 . [3, . 189]

2 (2135) = 1610 . [3, . 167]

F (F=3861 .)

- ( -: =0,8). [3,.43]

11 = 12 = =304 ./;

22 = =54,68 ./;

:

= ;

f , 2;

f11 = f12 = 2,700·1,750 = 4,72 2; [3, . 190]

f22 = 1,24·0,81 = 1 2; [3, . 168]

Kf , , .

Kf1 = Kf2 = 3; [3, .43]

11 = 12 = =37,5 ./;

Kf2 = 4;

22 = =10,65 ./;

:

.1 =83,55 + 60,21 + 0,15·(304 + 37,5) = 195 /

.2 = 83,55 + (60,21 + 22,3) + 0,15·((304+54,68) + (37,5+10,65)) = 227 /

:

=

(1,3); [3, 43]

.

1 = =12,9 ;

2 = = 15 .

1

1 2
5,17 5,17
12,9 15

 

1 , 2, 1.


 





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