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UNIT 1
payload capacity
self-propelled ,
payload
to haul ,
unpowered
power car -
idle ,
obsolescence
vehicle
1. Match the words with their definitions.
| vehicle | the load carried by a vehicle exclusive of what is necessary for its operation |
| to haul | a means of carrying or transporting something |
| self-propelled | the process of becoming obsolete or the condition of being nearly obsolete |
| obsolescence | to exert traction on |
| payload | containing within itself the means for its own propulsion |
2. Fill in the blank spaces with:
noise, flexible, vehicles, safety, capacity, power, payload, replace, freight, to haul.
1. The truck is carrying a of 2,580 pounds. 2. Does he have the to handle this job? 3. The driver was severely injured in the crash. 4. The company has a fleet of trucks that are used freight. 5. He made some suggestions about how to improve airline . 6. This computer program has to be to meet all our needs. 7. The arrived by steamboat. 8. We closed the windows to block out the traffic . 9. Will computers ever completely books? 10. After the emperor died, passed to his eldest son.
3. Translate the word combinations from the text into Russian.
Stationary steam engine, self-propelled payload-carrying vehicles, payload space, push-pull operation, motive power assets, payload-hauling cars, multiple unit operation.
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4. Read the text. Express the main idea of the text.
What is locomotive?
A locomotive is a railway vehicle that provides the motive power for a train. The word originates from the Latin loco "from a place", and is a shortened form of the term locomotive engine, first used in the early 19th century to distinguish between mobile and stationary steam engines. A locomotive has no payload capacity of its own, and its sole purpose is to move the train along the tracks. In contrast, some trains have self-propelled payload-carrying vehicles. These are not normally considered locomotives, and may be referred to as multiple units, motor coaches or railcars. The use of these self-propelled vehicles is increasingly common for passenger trains, but rare for freight. Vehicles which provide motive power to haul an unpowered train, but are not generally considered locomotives because they have payload space or are rarely detached from their trains, are known as power cars. Traditionally, locomotives pull trains from the front. Increasingly common is push-pull operation, where a locomotive pulls the train in one direction and pushes it in the other, and can be controlled from a control cab at the other end of the train.
