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1. Warm-up
Procedure
1) Is the United Nations the worlds most international organization?
2) In which countries should the United Nations do more right now?
2. Reading
Read some information and say why people celebrate United Nations Day. List the reasons.
WHAT IS UNITED NATIONS DAY?
United Nations Day celebrates the purpose and cause of the United Na-
tions, and that is to make the world a better place for everyone who lives in it. The United Nations organization was one of Franklin Roosevelts en-
during achievements as he worked with many Allied leaders towards the
development of the UN organization. Replacing the League of Nations af- ter World War II in 1945, almost every nation in the world belongs to this organization, with a membership of 192 countries.
United Nations Day has been celebrated every October 24th since 1948 and
was declared a public holiday in 1971 to gain support of its work. It is a day
to make the world aware of the goals of the organization, and to celebrate its achievements, which are many. As the UN continues to address important
matters of the world, United Nations Day is a chance to reflect on the goals
that they have accomplished, and to support the goals set for the future.
The major achievements of the United Nations and their accomplish-
ments are plentiful, and along with its organizations, have been awarded the
Nobel Peace Prize five times through the year 1996. While peacekeeping and
humanitarian assistance is what the United Nations are known for, there are
many other ways in which they help to make the world a better place.
The UN and its family organizations work constantly to promote re- spect for human rights, gender quality and the advancement for women, protecting the environment, fighting disease and reducing poverty. Among
the challenges that affect humanity, the United Nations also adopted a glo-
bal action plan to achieve eight anti-poverty goals by the year 2015. These goals, called the Millennium Development Goals, were adapted in 2000.
The UN agencies are responsible for defining the standards for safe and
efficient air travel, to improve telecommunications, and leads the inter-
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national campaigns against drug trafficking and terrorism. In December
2007, 187 countries agreed to begin a two year process of negotiations in an effort to address the problem of stop the spread of HIV.
While many people are not aware of the outstanding jobs, goals, re-
sponsibilities and plans are of the UN, it is one of the many reasons why
we celebrate United Nations Day, in order to better understand what they
do and what they stand for. The United Nations continue to be guided in future cooperation with respect to peace, development, equality and justice for mankind in every part of the world.
3. Listening and speaking
Listen to the text and do the task.
UNICEF stands for United Nations International Childrens Emer-
gency Fund. It was created by the United Nations General Assembly on
December 11, 1946, to provide emergency food and healthcare to children in countries that had been devastated by World War II.
In 1954, UNICEF became a permanent part of the United Nations Sys- tem. UNICEF relies on contributions from governments and private do- nors. Governments contribute two thirds of the organizations resources; private groups and some 6 million individuals contribute the rest through the National Committees. Most of UNICEFs work is in the field, with staff in over 190 countries and territories. More than 200 country offices carry out UNICEFs mission through a program developed with host govern- ments. Seven regional offices provide technical assistance to country of- fices as needed.
UNICEFs programs emphasize developing community-level services to promote the health and well-being of children. UNICEF was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1965 and the Prince of Asturias Award of Concord in 2006.
1) UNICEF was established before the end of World War II.
2) The organization relies only on governments contributions.
3) Most of UNICEFs work is in its headquarters.
4) UNICEF has won two awards so far.
Key: 1 F, 2 F, 3 F, 4 T.
4. Reading
Read about activities of UNICEF in Ukraine. What are their aims in
Ukraine and what programmes do they support?
The United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF) opened its office in Kyiv in 1997. Since then, the childrens agency has been working to improve the lives of children and families throughout Ukraine.
Over the years, UNICEF has increased its support to the Government of Ukraine to develop health, nutrition, education and protection pro- grammes for children. UNICEF advocates for childrens right to partici- pation and prioritises actions for the most vulnerable and disadvantaged. Recognizing that the well being of children is closely linked to the situation of their mothers, UNICEF also works to help women in Ukraine to better their health and education, and protect their rights.
In 2006 UNICEF launched a new programme that reflects the countrys pursuit of the Millennium Development Goals that include improving mater- nal health, reducing child mortality, halting the spread of HIV / AIDS and tuberculosis, and protecting the vulnerable and promoting gender equality.
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UNICEFs current Country Programme of Cooperation with the Gov- ernment of Ukraine consists of four programmes:
Advocacy, Information and Social Policy Programme
HIV / AIDS, Children and Youth Programme
Child Protection Programme
Child Health and Development Programme
UNICEF programmes are being implemented in Kyiv, Crimea, Ode- sa, Donetsk, Lviv, Kherson, Sumy, Ivano-Frankivsk, Cherkasy, Zhyto- myr, Khmelnytsky, Chernigiv, Kharkiv, Dnipropetrovsk, Zaporizhzhya, Mykolayiv.
UNICEF is funded by the voluntary contributions of individuals, busi- nesses, foundations and governments.
5. speaking
Do ex. 4, p. 254.
6. summary
Would you like to work for an international organization? Why??
7. Homework
Do ex. 3 (b), p. 253.
Lesson 88
Vot I ng I n Ukra I ne
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Procedure
1. Warm-up
1) What is the minimum voting age in your country?
2) Who represents you in your local and national government?
3) How long is the term of elected officials in your country?
4) Which party is now in power in your country?
5) When were they elected?
6) Who is the leader of this party?
7) Is voting an important responsibility of a citizen?
8) Why do you think voting is important?
2. Reading
Do ex. 1, p. 255.
3. Grammar practice
Do ex. 2, p. 256.
4. speaking
Work in pairs
Act the dialogue and make up one of your own.
PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS A l e x. This election is going to be close!
H e l e n. I think youre right. The Republicans and the Democrats are
fighting for every vote.
A l e x. Did you watch the conventions?
H e l e n. Yes, I watched a little bit. The party platforms are extremely
different.
A l e x. Yes, they are! Watching them on TV, it was hard to believe they come from the same country!
H e l e n. Oh, it wasnt that bad.
A l e x. Hmmm, anyway the delegates certainly clapped hard for their
nominees.
H e l e n. But it was the same stump speech over and over again. In both parties!
A l e x. Thats what politicians do best. Talk the problem is whether they actually do very much.
H e l e n. Oh, youre a pessimist!
A l e x. I wouldnt say that. Its just that Im sick and tired of all the attack ads.
H e l e n. I see your point. It would be nice to know what they want
to govern the country, rather than why they think the other guy isnt
any good.
A l e x. They treat us like idiots! I hate sound bites. Short simple state-
ments that dont really give me much information. Treat me like I have
a brain.
H e l e n. Some say we get what we deserve. Voter turnout is so low, per- haps we dont deserve any better.
A l e x. But thats why people dont come out to vote. They dont feel represented even if they do vote.
H e l e n. I think we need a third party in this country. A l e x. I couldnt agree with you more!
H e l e n. Perhaps a third party would stop the partisanship.
A l e x. Another thing that I dont think is fair is the electoral system. H e l e n. No kidding! Just think, a state like California has 54 electoral votes. One vote majority in the popular vote and ALL of those 54 votes go
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to ONE candidate!
A l e x. It just isnt fair.
H e l e n. Of course, there are reasons for that. A l e x. Hmmm. I guess
H e l e n. Are you a registered voter?
A l e x. Of course! Im a registered voter and I go to the voting booth to vote. I want that vote to represent my voice.
H e l e n. OK, OK, no need to give a speech.
A l e x. Ha ha, I just think its my duty as a citizen to vote. H e l e n. Yes, I agree with you. If you can vote, vote!
5. speaking
Do ex. 3, p. 256.
6. summary
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2)
3)
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7)
8)
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Why do we have laws?
What laws in your country do you hate?
Are there any laws in your country that you think should be made tighter?
Have you ever broken any laws?
Do you think the laws in your country are similar to those in other countries?
Do you think there are laws for the rich and different laws for the poor?
Where, when and why do you think laws first started? What laws do you tend to ignore?
Do you think all laws are good? Would you like to be a lawmaker?
What would your country be like if there were no laws? Whats the craziest law you know of?
What do you think of the idea of international laws that would replace all national laws?
What new laws would you like your country to introduce?
Do you think laws are evenly applied to everyone in your society? What new laws do you think well have fifty years from now? Have you ever been to see a lawyer?
What law would you like to make for your English class?
7. Homework
Do ex. 4, p. 256.
Lesson 89
C I t I zen S h IP
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Procedure
1. Warm-up
1) Would you get a good understanding of our society just from watching TV and films?
2) What sort of things might you misunderstand?
3) Who would you think were the most important people in our society?
2. speaking
How should we really judge a persons contribution to society? Rank public figures and decide what makes a good citizen.
Work in pairs
Design your own way of assessing contributions to society. Suggestions for contributions:
y Helps others
y Obeys the law
y Is a good friend
y Votes in every election
y Makes people happy
y Supports charities
y Joins a political party
y Works hard
y Follows political issues in newspapers
y Supports people in the community y Protests when something is wrong y Takes part in politics
y Writes to a Member of Parliament if they feel strongly about some- thing
y Takes part in activities to protect the environment
3. Reading
Do ex. 6(a), p. 258.
4. Writing
Do ex. 6 (b), p. 259.
| 5. | Reading | |
| Work in pairs Read the article and share your opinions as for being a good citizen. | ||
| I think a good citizen is a person who | ||
| List the ideas concerning this problem in the article and add your own. |
PERSONAL VALUES: GOOD CITIZENSHIP
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Good citizenship sounds like a value from elementary school, but its
more. Then, good citizens didnt pass notes in class. They played fair at
recess. They waited their turn, and didnt pick on the younger kids. Some
schools even gave awards for good citizenship, which really meant more than following the rules. It meant helping to make the school a better com- munity.
For adults, good citizenship is still about contributing to the commu- nity, and its about giving back to the nation as well. Its one of the ways that ordinary people can play a part in something larger than themselves.
Good citizens grumble about jury duty, but they show up for it. They dont park where they will block fire trucks or access for the disabled. They pay their taxes, though they grumble about that too.
Yet, just like in elementary school, good citizenship is more than fol- lowing the rules. Good citizenship is about actively promoting the welfare of the community, about helping society thrive.
Good citizens vote, even when its inconvenient. They recognize their responsibility to add their voice when the nation makes choices. They may make contributions to a political group, even though its not tax-deducti- ble, and they may even volunteer to get out the vote.
Good citizens dont just refrain from littering, they pick up refuse they see on a hike. They stay on trails, especially in heavily traveled areas, and if they can, they help on trail workdays. Perhaps they join a public interest group that protects public lands.
They dont just keep their yard in good a condition, they lend tools, or even help their neighborhoods with yard projects. They make sure their landscaping isnt a problem to their neighbors, and they may even share seeds or cuttings that seem well adapted to the area.
Good citizens volunteer in their children schools, as much as they can find the time for, knowing that the public schools today couldnt make it
