1. shall have (-) I shall have breakfast2. does not have(-) He doesnt have time3. has (-) Mary has a lot of friends4.has not done (+) He has not complet ed his education yet
5. were having (-) They were having lunch at that time yesterday6. had to do(-) The engeneer had to check the data once again7.had been written (+) The program had been written by the time they received the instructions
: has had, have had, had had - Perfect
Perfect :
We have completed our work = (: )
We will have completed our work by 6 =
EXERCISES
Perfect
V A-9.
was having
has not done
have been housed
shall do
have to go
will have
has had
had
shall have to take
does not have
had to give
Continuous (/).
- ing () , :
1. 1-
2. to be
:
1. is being done (+) The program is be ing written
2. having completed(-) Having completed his work early he didnt know what to do.
3. shall be reading (+) Tommorrow at six Ill be read ing this lecture at History Dep.
4. being asked (-) He hated being asked
5. are watching (+) We are watch ing TV at present
I will be translating this article at 5 = (: )
EXERCISES
Continuous:
V A-ll.
am doing
being answered
were being done
will be writing
having passed
having been read
asking
was having
V A-12.
being stick
were being created
will be flying
having produced
having been reduced
acting
was running
am pressing
lndefinite(Simple)( ).
() : Perfect Continuous, Indefinite.
:
were doing -
took+ (He took my book)was done + (The research was done unthoroughly)
have been moved -
have taken -
have + (I have a computer)
Indefinite .
I go to the University every day =
1: Present Continuous Indefinite , - .
I visit my friends very often =
Im visiting my friends =
I go to the University every day =
I am going to the University =
2: Past Continuous , Past Indefinite - :
I was visiting my friends yesterday =
I visited my friends yesterday =
EXERCISES
V A-14 Indefinite.
shall be doing
has
will come
have been translated
am doing
had had
were having
shall have been written
does not answer
will be going
V A-15. :
will be moving
had
will pass
have been contained
am drinking
has had
were watching
shall have created
does not resist
will be flowing
shall be attached
moved
V A-16.
is designing
had completed
works
shall accomplish
has swept
houses
will attach
am having
will be reading
reported,
has been translated
is passing
shall be reducing
provided
had been retracted
V A-15 :
was taken, will be taken, had taken, would take, is built, have been built, will have built, built, was being felt, are feeling, will have been felt, were writen, has writen, writes, are being writen, have read, will read, shall have been read, were read, is being seen, am seeing, are seen, saw, had done, will be done, were doing, shall do, make, are being made, made, will have been made, should be going, are gone, goes, has gone, will go, will have left, was left, are leaving, leave, were getting, will be got, has got, am getting.
V A-16 :
is eating, will eat, was eating, had eaten, shall begin, will have begun, began, shall begin, have blown, were blowing, is blowing, has chosen, will choose, chose, buys, were buying, were bringing, had brought, has come, came, was coming, will be coming, shall have drawn, has drawn, drew, draws, has found, am finding, have found, knew, will know, gives, gave, is thinking, thought, is keeping
V A-17 , , :
1. The most important features specifying the place of articulation of consonants are interior.
2. Chomsky and Halle used the features high/nonhigh and low/nonlow to specify the height of the tongue.
3. The relationship between the two concepts is, however, more complicated.
4. Such widely varying evaluations have influenced different theories concerning the nature of social structure.
5. This phrase expresses the Marxian view that the basic structure of society is economic.
6. In agreement with Jakobson, they had claimed that each feature functions as a binary opposition.
7. For instance, the first segment of the phonological representation of "man" will not include the above-mentioned feature.
8. Linguists are now studying much more intensively than they have in the past the complexities of the interdependence of syntax.
9. Educational psychologists applied themselves to the task of early identification and discovery of talented persons.
10. And in Italy, the Phenomenology circle has centred around Enzo Paci
(Voice)
, , 2 : Active () Passive () Voice() - . .
?
, (Active Voice).
I read the book. .
, (Passive Voice).Thebookis read by me.
, , 'by .
The test is being conducted. .
Passive Voice, , .
S
P
O(dir)
O(ind)
They
gave
the book
to me
The book
was given
to me (by them)
I
was given
the book
(by them)
3 Passive Voice ; :
1) '' + It was done =
2) (- /-)
The work is being done =
3) - ( , 3 .-. )
The experiment is conducted =
EXERCISES
:
1. Students were given dictionaries.
2. This article is being translated.
3. A 12-story building was being constructed on the square.
4. An interesting problem will be discussed at the conference.
5. The journal has been printed.
6. Data are being programmed.
Passive Voice?
:
1) to be :
(to)be, am, is, are, was, were, been
2) 3- -ed
is doing-
must create-
had been read +
am done +
is to be-
was to come*-
* . 1 3 Passive Voice to be: was to cut-,
was to be cut+
EXERCISES
VI A-l. Passive Active
have worked -
are to write
were asked
will be revised
is being connected
was computing
have been done
will have been doing
has done
were produced
is being read
are to come
had been developed
was being translated
had opened
am invited
is to send
has been done
VI A-2. (Tense), (Aspect), (Voice).
will have seen
was sung
am being watched
is to see
had been opened
is being occupied
had crashed
is told
am to decide
will have been developed
had to come is read
is being reported
have
has been carried out
were
has had
had done
had been done
will correspond
will be translated
speaks
am reading
was being completed
The results were often referred to (to refer to results). .
The children are taken care of (to take care of children). .
?
S
P
1
The research
has been much spoken
about
2
They
have spoken
about
the research
3
4
--
5
, - :
This question was answered immediately. .
EXERCISES
VI -5. .
1. This phenomenon will be spoken about.
2. The reliability of this method will be insisted upon.
3. The excursion to exhibition was insisted on by many students.
4. He is taken care of by his sister.
5. The theory of relativity is referred to later
6. The article was spoken about by many reporters.
7. Many substances can be destroyed when they are acted upon.
8. Probably the decision will be arrived at after much discussion.
9. The book is thought of as most interesting.
10. She may be relied on in a situation like this.
11. This opinion should be relied on.
12. The experiment was watched by many students.
13. We were joined by a large group of tourists.
14. This discovery was followed by another one.
15. The neutron is completely unaffected by a magnetic field.
16. The behavior of this particle is influencet by various factors.
VI A-6. Tense, Aspect, Voice. .
is produced.
produces
will have been produced
is producing
The program
has produced
has been produced
had been produced
is being produced
produced
VI A-7. to ask "" student. S+PR.
VI -8
was reflected, shall be done, began, did not develop, saw, have been distinguished, has had, will see, determines, are published, was recognized, am provided, shall be extended, wrote, did not move, to expose, had done, have been mentioned, has seen, will begin, moves, are examined, did not enter, containts, had exposed, were being extended, are taken, enters, will occur, was estimated, approved, shall develop, did not begin, exists, has separated, were being modified, are studied, preferred, will vary, was observed, increased, shall be taken, to depend on, will believe, shall prove, developed, shall have recognized, were being asked, will be determined, shall be doing, does not deal, have thought, contain, will catch, shall grow, entered, shall move, were being asked, will be exposed, shall be moving, does not observe, does not depend, were being modified, wrote, reads, will come, will be tested, shall begin, was inhabited, is examining, was having, have been housed, has been done, will have, had, does not have, has not done, shall do, have to do, has had, shall take, had to give, were having, have been observed, has been modified, shall expose, moved, does not have, had not examined, shall depend, have to be observed, has begun, will be recognized, had to mention.
