.. 7
1 . .. 8
1.1 . 8
1.2 IPTV.. 11
1.3 IPTV.. 17
1.4 IPTV.. 21
2 IPTV.. 24
2.1 IPTV IP-. 24
2.2 IPTV . 26
2.3 IPTV.. 33
3 METRO ETHERNET. 36
3.1 . 36
3.2 IPTV Metro Ethernet 37
3.3 Metro Ethernet 42
3.4 Metro Ethernet 48
3.5 Triple play Metro Ethernet 53
3.6 IPTV 59
4 - .. 62
4.1 IPTV 62
4.2 . 62
5 .. 73
5.1 . 73
5.2 74
5.3 , 76
.. 80
.. 81
. 腅... 82
IPTV 1995 , Percept Software, IP multicast ( , ).
IP- .
, IP (IPTV). MPEG IP. , MPEG2 IP. . (Settopbox), , , , . .
, , . . , .
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, ADSL 2+ VDSL 2, Ethernet. IPTV, .
IPTV , , .
.
1.1
, :
− , . , , , . , . ;
− , ( , IP). , , , ;
− , . , , . , (QoS), , ;
− , , . , Ethernet, IP . , (IP) , ( , .). , Web , ;
− , . , Web , , ;
− , , . : , () , ;
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− , , , , , . , .
, , , .
, :
− − ;
− − (, , ) ;
− − , ;
− − ;
− − .
:
;
IP, ( , , , ..);
;
(VPN).
1.1 .
1.1 .
:
Internet ;
() , . (bearer service) , . ;
, ;
, , .
1.2 IPTV
, IP, . , , . . , , (FEC) , . , ( 150 ). , , , ; . , , VoIP , . , . . .
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: . . , , , . , .
. , IP . , . : .
. .
. , . , , , . . , , , . .
: , , . , , . . ; . , , , .
|
|
, IPTV, :
() (Basic Channel Service);
() (Enhanced Selective Service);
(Interactive Data Service).
IPTV , . I . , .
IPTV , , . . , IPTV, :
" " VoD(Video On Demand);
MOD (Music On Demand);
EPG (Electronic Program Guide);
" " PVP (Personal Video Player) ;
" " 2 hosting (Business to Business Hosting) ;
" " 2 hosting (Channel to Channel Hosting) ;
" " (Multiangle Service) .
IPTV , :
(T Information);
(Җcommerce);
(Җcommunication);
(Җentertainment);
(Җlearning).
, , , .
IPTV, , , . , , .
, . VoIP .
, , .
. , , , , .
, , . , , IPTV , .
, VoD, , . , , . , , , .
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|
VoD :
;
.
. 1015 . . , , :
;
TVoD (True Video On Demand).
TVoD . TVoD, , . VoD ( 6 /) .
VoD, , . . .
VoD . , , , .
VoD , . VoD , .
IPTV, :
, , , , , , . , .
, VideoonDemand, iTV ., .
, , . , , .
( , ) . , .
, :
(EPG, Electronik Program Guide);
(PVR, Personal Video Recorder);
;
.
, .
:
(, 24 ) , ;
(, 1 ), .
ShiftedTV. , , .
VoD , . :
( ) ;
( );
: ( ) ( ).
:
, , , ;
, ;
.
1.3 IPTV
RTP
RTP (RealTime Transport Protocol) , , . . .
RTP , . . RTP UDP RTP. RTP ( IP : RTP RTCP).
RTP : , , , , , , , , (MPEG, Indeo .). .
RTP ( ) , , RTP . RTP , , RTP . , , , . , , RTP, , . . RTP, , , .
, RTP RTP. . , , . , .
IP
IP TCP/IP. TCP/IP Internet. , IP :
, Internet. IP- ;
, Internet;
( ) ( );
, .. -;
"" .
IP . , , , IP, , .. , IP-, . , IP , . (TCP) .
UDP
UDP (User Datagram Protocol) RFC 768. , , . . , IP .
UDP . , , . , IP, , , . , TCP/IP .
RIP.
RIP (Roeting Internet Protocol) , , .
RIP ( ) 1969 ARPANET. 1994 . RIP2, RIP, RIP . IPv6 RIPng.
, RIP 15. RIP 30 .
RIP , , OSPF, 15 . .
OSPF.
OSPF (Open Shortest Pass First) , .
OSPF IETF 1998 . OSPF :
;
;
;
.
BGP.
BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) . BGP, , , , , , . BGP , , .
BGP . BGP , TCP.
IGMP.
, , ( UDP-RTP). . , IP MAC . IP MAC , , , . , , IGMP.
IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) . , , . . IP. , , . IGMP IP . IGMP , . , . , .. . , IGMP , .
MAC , . Cisco Systems CGMP (Cisco Group Management Protocol), , , .
1.4 IPTV
IPTV , .. (QoS). , QoS, .
() IPQoS ( (Integrated Services, IntServ), (Differentiated Services, DiffServ) (MultiProtocol Label Switching, MPLS)).
IPTV.
ITUT IPTV.
(ITU) IPTV IPTV (ITTVFG), . IPTVFG IPTV IPTV (, , ). : NGN, NGN IMS, NGN IMS . , . ITUT :
IPTV, , MPEG4/ AVC (H.264):
IPTV, :
) APON (ATM PON, ATM);
) GPON (Gigabit PON, );
) ADSL (Asymmetric DSL, );
) ADSL2;
) ADSL2+;
) VDSL (Very High Speed DSL, );
) VDSL2;
) FSVDSL (Full ServiceVDSL, VDSL ).
ATIS IPTV.
(ATIS) IPTV, , IPTV Interoperability Forum (IIF), , IPTV .
IIF IPTV NGN IMS IMS, DRM, , .
ETSI IPTV.
(ETSI) IPTV NGN IMS IMS TISPAN. ETISI DVB. ETSI IPTV:
TS 102 034 V1.2.1 Transport of MPEG2 TS based DVB Service over IP based networks;
TS 102 005 V1.2.1 Implementation Guidelines for the use jf AudioVisual Content in DVB services delivered over IP;
EN 300 468 V1.7.1 Specification for Service Information (SI) in DVB systems.
ETSI DVB DVB, IETF, XML IP.
DSL Forum IPTV.
DSL- IPTV , :
ADSL2+/VDSL2, DSL, PON;
VLAN IGMP VLAN;
IPTV- , (), QoS;
, , ;
QoE , IPTV- .
MPEGIF IPTV.
MPEGIF , , MPEG-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-4, MPEG-7.
MPEG-1 MPEG-2 CD-ROM . MPEG-4 , , .
MPEG-7 ISO/IEC, MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group) , MPEG-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-4.
MPEG-7 . , , . MPEG-7 . , .