f (x) (a; b). (a; b) f (x) , , ( " ").
(a; b) f (x) , , ( " ").
. 4.5. f1 (x) (a;b)
. 4.6. f1 (x) (a;b)
x 0 f (x), : (a; x 0) (x 0; b), , .
. 4.7.
. 4.8.
x 0, . , .
.
f′′ (x) > 0 (a; b), f (x) . f′′ (x) < 0 (a; b), f (x) .
, , 5, . .
. 4.9. .
. 4.10. .
x 0 f (x), f′′ (x 0) = 0.
.
x 0 :
1) f′ (x 0) = 0; f′′ (x 0) < 0, x 0 ;
2) f′ (x 0) = 0; f′′ (x 0) > 0, x 0 ;
3) f′ (x 0) = 0; f′′ (x 0) = 0, . , x 0 = 0 y = x 4, , x 0 = 0 y = x 5. , .
.
, ( ) .
TU Q . , , . , Q, TU, 4.11.
|
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. 4.11.
TU = TU (Q). Q 0 , Δ Q . Δ TU = TU (Q 0 + Δ Q) TU (Q 0) ‑ , Δ Q. ( ) Δ TU / Δ Q ( . . .. 1995, . 122). , , Δ Q. Δ Q → 0, MU: .
, TU (Q). Q. TU (Q). .