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[a, b] (a, b), c, (a, b), : f(b) - f(a) = f′(c)(b - a). (1)

 

 

. 4.1.

 

. . f(x) A(a;f(a)) B(b;f(b)). AB. L, AB, , f(x) (a, b). L AB, L f(x) , L f (x) c (a, b). M, MN f(x), AB. , MN AB ( ) . MN f′(c), AB (f(b) -∙ f(b))/(b-a), :

(1). , , (a, b), f(x) MN. f(x), , (1) .

. f′(x) > 0 (a; b), (a; b) f (x). f′(x) < 0 (a;b), (a;b) f(x) .

. t 1 t 2 (a; b), t 2> t 1. c (t 1; t 2), f (t 2) f (t 1) = f′ (c)(t 2 t 1). f′ (x) > 0 x (a; b), f′ (c) > 0, t 2 > t 1, f (t 2) f (t 1) > 0. , f (x) (a; b) . .

x 0 f (x), , x :

f (x) > f (x 0).

x 0 f (x), , x : f (x) < f (x 0).

 

 

. 4.2.

 

 

. 4.3.

 

 

.

: f (x) , .

, , .

f′ (x 0) = 0, , x 0 . y = x 3. x =0 , . 4.4.

 

 

. 4.4.

 

, , .

, , , .

, , , , . , , , .

f (x) x 0. :

1) f′ (x) < 0 (a; x 0) f′ (x) > 0 (x 0; b), x 0 f (x);

2) f′ (x) > 0 (a; x 0) f′ (x) < 0 (x 0; b), x 0 f (x);

.

f′ (x) < 0 (a; x 0) f (x) x 0, f (x) (a; x 0], x ∈(a; x 0) f (x)> f (x 0).

f′ (x) > 0 (x 0; b) f (x) x 0, f (x) (x 0; b ], x ∈(x 0; b) f (x)> f (x 0).

, xx 0 (a; b) f (x)> f (x 0), x 0 f (x).

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