, .
, , .
1. Ш
(ω.., %) 100 .
ω % (..) = m(..) *100 % ,
m ( ) (1)
m ( ) = m (..) + m ( )
, , ..
(/3) (/), ( ) = ρ*V,
|
) ω3 : ω1 ω2 .
(m1) (m2) . , :
ω1 m1 = ω3 ω2
ω3
ω2 m2 = ω1 ω3
, , 10% 70 5 % 40 %.
. :
40 m1 = 10 5 = 5
10
5 m2 = 40 10 = 30
, 10 ω = 40% 60 ω = 5%, 70. ω = 10%.
) .
(..) (m*ω) = const,
|
2.
(, /.) , 1 .
= n , V , = n*1000 ,
V . V
n = m (..),
(..)
|
(2)
, 1 1 .
() ( ), 1 , 1 - 1 .
:
|
f () = 1 ,
(+), ..
f () = 1 ,
(‾ ), ..
f () = 1 ,
(n+) * n
|
|
n- .
3.
|
:, 1 2 ( ) , V1 V2 .
4.
, , , .
) .
|
) .
|
:
»
1.
120 . NaCl 16 % 1,16 /3 80 . ω%, , .
: :
V- = 120 1. 16 % , ,
ρ1 (-) = 1,16 /3
ω1 %(NaCl) = 16 % ρ = m , m = ρ *V,
V(H2O) = 80 V
ρ2 = 1,071 /3m (-) = 120 *1,16 = 139,2 .
(NaCl) = 58,5 / 2. : ω % (..) = m (..) *100 % ,
ω2 %=? m( )
=? m (..) 16 % :
=? m (..) = ω1% *m (-) ,
100%
m (..) = 16 *139,2 = 22,27
100 %
3. , .. ρ (2) = 1 /3, m (-) = 139,2 + 80 = 219,2 .
4. :
ω2% =
5. , :
=
=
6. , .. f(NaCl) = 1 = (NaCl),
= = 1,86 .
: ω2% = 10,16%, = 1,86 , = 1,86 .
2
20 0,2 15 . ().
: :
V(HCl) = 20 1. ,
C(HCl) = 0,2 (-) *V(-) = () *V(),
V(KOH) = 15 ()
() =
: () = 0,26 .