[ .. . . , 2008.]
[ 6 ]
. , .
, . : -, - , .
. : , .. :
- : +
-: +
-: + + .
, , , .
, . , , . , .
-, : , , ..
, - .
, . [1]
- h1, ρ. .
1 - 1: 1 = ρ ∙ g ∙ h1 .
q1 . . ρ ().
1-1 , L:
ρc ∙ g ∙ L = ρ ∙ g ∙ h1
, , L. - ( q0) 2-2, q 0 .
q2 q. :
1 2 = ρ ∙ q ∙ L +
|
|
1 ;
2 2 2 ( ).
.
. . , ρ , .. .
.. . () .. . () .
.. . , . . .
. , , .. .
() , , . , - ( !!!)
. , , () .
. . , , . [2]:
[2]
h |
f |
( ) |
1. 1 . (1) .. , , .
2. , , ( ) . .
|
|
3. - /. , , , . , . , . .
4. () . , () , - . . .
5. . ≈→0. .
, , , , , . , , - , ..
.. .. P T :
q.. = 1.75d2.5 + 1.25q
q < q. . -
q > q. .
q
q -
d ,
[3]
0,8 |
0,6 |
0,4 |
0,2 |
β |
Frc |
- .
:
- ;
- .
:
- ;
- .
.
[4]
d |
: ( ):
∞ =
- ;
;
.
( ) Re
Re = ≤ 2
( ) - . Re .
.. Re 50 1000 :
∞ = (x) ( ) Re 2300
! (x). ( ):
∞ = 0.13 g0.76 0.52 d1.28
: z< Re≤4(We3Ar2)0.214
: We =
Ar = = - .
Fr = .
𝜎 - . .. 𝜎 .
.
( ) , .
|
|
( ) . : d =
( ):
4(We3Ar2)0.214 < Re≤3,1(We3Ar2)0.25
( )
∞ = 1,91 0.5 (xx)
Re , :
∞ = 1,181 0.25 (xxx)
() () .
.. - ( , ):
∞ =
- .
, , .. , , . , , , , . .
.., .. , ( ) 1.3 3 :
, = - ()
V.. = - ;
;
.
:
= 2,85 ∞ [ ] -0.25
.
, .
, .. .
:
Euc=f( , Rec , We, , )
Euc = - .
- , .
= - .
We = - , .
=
Ar = , .
Ku = - , - .
=
. = - .
= ≈ -
= = .
= =
= -
- .
|
|
= - , .
1.
Vc =
;
- ;
- .
2.
= = -
3. :
= =
- ;
- .
: =
4.
=
5.
=
(4) (5) , ( ) , .
6. =
, = , = (.. = = );
, ∞ - : <
.. , , .
7. :
= -
. .
ρ =
:
ρ (V + V) = ρ ∙ V +ρ∙ V
.3. ρ = ρ (1- ) + ρ ∙
: Vc ∙ ρ = Vc∙ ρ (1- )+ Vc ∙ ρ ∙
ρ = ρ (1- )+ρ ∙ |
: