. 1. I. :
rank among to see oneself obliged to take up law occupation join the Bar (.) the Bar legal affairs (.) , to try one's fortune in literature to make use [ju:s] of = to use [ju:z] The Ministrelsy of the Scottish Border ( , 1802-1803 .) to win ones fame to turn attention to masterpiece [`ma:stpi:s] to go bankrupt a debt of £117,000 [det] 117.000 health [helq] to shatter health [òæt] great strength .
. 2. I. :
TEXT I. WALTER SCOTT
(1771 1832)
Walter Scott ranks among the greatest English poets and novelists. He was born in the city of Edinburgh, Scotland, in the year 1771. The son of a lawyer, Scott saw himself obliged [`blaid d] to take up law as his future occupation. At the age of seventeen he entered Edinburgh University, and three years later, upon graduating it, joined the Bar. But he remained in the law office only a short time. Far from being a success in his legal [`li:gl] affairs, he tried his fortune in literature. In his childhood the boy was fond of Scottish folklore [`fouklÉ:] and showed a great interest in historical stories. Later, while travelling over Scotland, he collected old legends and ballads [`bældz] which he made use [ju:s] of in his future poems.
The writers literary activity, to which Scott devoted the whole of his life, started with the publication of The Ministrelsy [`ministrlsi] of the Scottish Border. Scott first became known as a poet, but won the fame as a novelist. In his first novels he depicted mainly Scotland and her struggle for independence; later, however, he turned his attention to England and France describing critical periods in their history.
Scott is justly spoken of as the creator of the historical novel. Of all his numerous works mention should be made of Ivanhoe which is but a masterpiece of the historical description. Scott introduced a new element in the historical novel by explaining present history through the history of the past and showing man as a product of history.
The publishing firm which Scott was connected with one day went bankrupt, leaving the writer a debt of £117,000. Being compelled to pay the debt Scott set about writing new novels, but the great strain shattered his health. He went abroad for treatment, but seeing there was no hope of recovery, he returned home to die in his castle in Abbotsford.
Speaking of Scott Belinski once said: Walter Scott created the historical novel, and the artistic merits of his novels place him on a level with the greatest masters of all ages and all nations.
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. 3. :
1. When was Walter Scott born? 2. Where did he come from? 3. In what family was he born and brought up? 4. At what age did he enter the University of Edinburgh? 5. What did he do upon graduation from the University? 6. Did he carry out his work as a lawyer successfully? Did he like it? Why did he try his fortune in literature? 7. What was he fond of in his childhood? Did he show a great interest in history at an early age? 8. What did he collect while travelling over Scotland? 9. When did he start his literary work? 10. Was Scott a poet or a novelist? 11. What did he describe in his first novels? 12. Scott is the creator of the historical novel, isnt he? 13. What helped to awaken a great interest in history at that time? 14. Why did Scott glorify [`glÉ:rifai] the past, especially the Middle Ages? 15. What shattered his health? 16. When (in what) year did he die? 17. What did Belinski say about Walter Scott?
TEXT II
. 1. II. . ( ):
)
genre [` a:nr] ; , literature [`litritò] literary [`lit()rri] criticism [`kritisizm] poetry [`pouitri] , drama [`dra:m] typical [`tipik()l] prose [prouz] novelist [`nÉvlist] dramatist [`dræmtist] dialogue [`dailÉg] , form [fÉ:m] action [`ækò()n] , , genius [d i:njs] , man of ~ author [`É:q] , basis [`beisis] , , , character [`kærikt] , , original [`rid nl] , , heroine [`hero(u)in] person [`p:sn] , , presentation [,prezen`teiò()n] fantasy [`fæntsi] , leading [`lidiŋ] , complex [`kÉmpleks] ; human [`hju:mn] emotion [i`mouò()n] ,
b)
prose fiction [fikòn] novel [`nÉv()l] sample [`sampl] distinguish [dis`tiŋgwiò] , note [`nout] , narrative [`nærtiv] , compose [km`pouz] description [dis`kripòn] , entirely [in`taili] , restrict [ris`trikt] capable [`keipbl] essential [i`senòl] , recognizable [`rekgnaizbl] ramble [`ræmbl] magnify [`mægnifai] event [i`vent] sketched [sketòid] inner [`in] mood [mu:d] , observation [Ébz`veiòn] limited [`limitid] length [leŋq] flexible [`fleksibl] point out [pÉint] plot [plÉt]
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. 2. :
Genres, literature, poetry, literary, criticism, drama, typical, prose, novelist, dramatist, dialogue, form, action, genius, author, basis, character, original, heroine, person, presentation, fantasy, leading, complex, human, emotion.
. 3. , :
1. Many of Byrons lyrical poems are known to have been put to music. 2. Leo Tolstoy regarded B.Shaw to be a writer of great talent, original thought and deep insight into every kind of problem. 3. It is important for a student of philology to be well-read.
. 4. , :
1. E. Hemingway began to write fiction about 1923, his first book being the reflection of his war experience. 2. We heard these linguists compiling a new dictionary. 3. His famous novel Martin Eden having been published, Jack London became famous the world over.
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