, 25 , 40-45 . . , , - . , , - .
, , , - . , , ( ).
, , ( ), . 5-10 (!) , , 30 . , , ?
, , , 78-80˚ (t - 78,3˚), , , . - , , , , , - . , . (40-56 ) , , - , . . , . .
:
. , , , , , , . . , .
, : , , . .
- 70, - . , . - , . , .
:
, , . , . , , , .
|
|
-
.
:
* - , [1];
**- , [1];
# - , [2].
[1] . - (50-61-89), - ., - , 1994.
[2] Food Additives in the European Union, - The Department of Food Science and Technology The University of Reading, UK Food Law (compiled by Dr David Jukes).
100-182 ;
200 ;
00 ();
400 ;
450 ;
500 , ;
600 ;
700-800 ;
900 , .
(E-100 - E-199)
-100 Curcumin
-101 (i) Riboflavin; (ii) Riboflavin-5'-Phosphate Sodium (i) ; (ii) -5-;
102 Tartrazine
E-103** Alkanet ,
-104 Quinoline Yellow
E-107** Yellow 2 G 2 G
-110 Sunset Yellow FCF, Orange Yellow S FCF, - S
-120 Cochineal, Carminic Acid, Carmines ; ;
-121* Citrus Red 2 2
-122 Azorubine, Carmoisine ,
-123* Amaranth
-124 Ponceau 4R, Cochineal Red A 4R (4R),
E-125** Ponceau SX , SX
-127** Erythrosine
-128** Red 2G 2G
: 11.09.2007 -128, . , -128, Red 2G, . , : , 128 , , , - . , 2005 . 128 () (6%) () (4%).
-129 Allura Red AC
131 Patent Blue V V
|
|
-132 Indigotine, Indigo Carmine ,
-133 Brilliant Blue FCF FCF
-140** Chlorophylis and Chlorophyllins: (I) Chlorophylls (ii) Chlorophyllins (i) (ii)
-141 Copper Complexes of Chlorophylls and Chlorophyllins (I) Copper Complexes of Chlorophylls (ii) Copper Complexes of Chlorophyllins (i) (ii)
-142 Greens S S
-143 Fast Green FCF FCF
-150a Plain Caramel I ( )
-150b Caustic Sulphite Caramel II, -
-150c Ammonia Caramel III,
-150d Sulphite Ammonia Caramel IV, -
-151 Brilliant Black BN, Black PN BN, PN
-152 Carbon Black (hydrocarbon)
-153** Vegetable Carbon
-154** Brown FK FK
E-155** Brown HT HT
E-160a Carotenes: (I) Beta-Carotene (Synthetic) Natural Extracts (ii) : (I) b - , (ii)
E-160b Annatto, Bixin, Norbixin , ,
E-160c Paprika extract, Capsanthin, Capsorubin , ,
E-160d** Lycopene
E-160e Beta-apo-8-carotenal (C 30) α--8- ( 30)
E-160f** Ethyl ester of beta-apo-8-carotenic Acid (C 30) b--8- (30)
E-161 Flavoxanthin
E-161b Lutein
E-161 Cryptoxanthin
E-161d Rubixanthin
E-161e Violoxanthin
E-161f Rhodoxanthin
E-161g Canthaxanthin
E-162 Beetroot Red, Betanin ,
-163 Anthocyanins
-164 Saffron
E-166** Sandalwood
-170 Calcium Carbonates
-171 Titanium Dioxide
-172 Iron Oxides and Hydroxides
-173** Aluminium
-174** Silver
-175** Gold
-180** Lithol Rubine BK
E-181 Tannins, Food Grade
E-182** Orchil ,
(E-200 - E-299)
-200 Sorbic Acid
-201 Sodium Sorbate
-202 Potassium Sorbate
-203 Calcium sorbate
E-209** Heptyl p-hydroxybenzoate -
-210 Benzoic Acid
-211 Sodium Benzoate ( )
-212 Potassium Benzoate
-213** Calcium Benzoate
-214** Ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate -
-215** Sodium Ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate -
-216** Propyl p-hydroxybenzoate -
-217** Sodium Propyl p-hydroxybenzoate -
-218** Methyl p-hydroxybenzoate -
-219** Sodium Methyl p-hydroxybenzoate -
-220 Sulphur Dioxide
-221 Sodium Sulphite
-222 Sodium Hydrogen Sulphite
-223 Sodium Metabisulphite
-224 Potassium Metabisulphite
-225** Potassium Sulphite
-226** Calcium Sulphite
-227** Calcium Hydrogen Sulphite
-228** Potassium Hydrogen Sulphite ( )
-230** Biphenyl, Diphenyl ,
-231** Orthophenyl Phenol
-232** Sodium Orthophenyl Phenol
-233** Thiabendazole
-234 Nisin (
-235 Natamycin (Pimaricin) ()
|
|
-236 Formic Acid
-237** Sodium Formate
-238** Calcium Formate
-239 Hexamethylene Tetramine ^
-240* Formaldehyde ^
-241** Gum Guaicum
-242 Dimethyl Dicarbonate
-249 Potassium Nitrite
-250 Sodium Nitrite
-251 Sodium Nitrate
-252** Potassium Nitrate
-260 Acetic Acid
-261 Potassium Acetate
-262 Sodium Acetates (i) Sodium Acetate (ii) Sodium Hydrogen Acetate (Sodium Diacetate) : , ( )
-263** Calcium Acetate
-264** Ammonium Acetate
E-265 Dehydroacetic Acid
E-266 Sodium Dehydroacetate
-270 Lactic Acid
-280 Propionic Acid
-281** Sodium Propionate
-282** Calcium Propionate
-283** Potassium Propionate
-284# Boric Acid
-285# Sodium Tetraborate (Borax) ()
-290 Carbon Dioxide
-296 Malic Acid ()
-297 Fumaric Acid
(E-300 - E-399)
-300 Ascorbic Acid
-301 Sodium Ascorbate ( )
-302** Calcium Ascorbate ( )
-303** Potassium Ascorbate
-304 Ascorbyl Palmitate
-305** Ascorbyl Stearate
-306 Mixed Tocopherols Concentrate
-307 Alpha-tocopherol α-
-308** Synthetic Gamma-tocopherol α-
-309** Synthetic Delta-tocopherol α-
-310** Propyl Gallate
-311** Octyl Gallate
-312** Dodecyl Gallate
-313** Ethyl Gallate
-314** Guaiac Resin
-315 Erythorbic (Isoascorbic) Acid (-)
-316 Sodium Erythorbate
-317** Potassium Isoascorbate -
-318** Calcium Isoascorbate -
-319 Tertiary Butylhydroquinone -
-320 Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA)
-321 Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT)
-322 Lecithins ( , . .)
-323** Anoxomer
-324** Ethoxyquin
-325** Sodium Lactate
-326 Potassium Lactate
-327 Calcium Lactate
-328** Ammonium Lactate
-329** Magnesium Lactate (D,L-)
-330 Citric Acid
-331 Sodium Citrates (i) Monosodium Citrate (ii) Disodium Citrate Trisodium Citrate : (i) , (ii) , (iii)
-332 Potassium Citrates (i) Monopotassium Citrate (ii) Dipotassium Citrate (iii) Tripotassium Citrate : (i) , (ii) , (iii)
-333 Calcium Citrates (i) Monocalcium Citrate (ii) Dicalcium Citrate (iii) Tricalcium Citrate : , ,
-334 Tartaric Acid (L(+)-) ((L+)-)
-335 Sodium Tartrates (i) Monosodium Tartrate (ii) Disodium Tartrate : ,
|
|
-336 Potassium Tartrates (i) Monopotassium Tartrate (ii) Dipotassium Tartrate : ,
-337 Sodium potassium tartrate -
-338 Phosphoric Acid
-339 Sodium Ortophosphates (i) Monosodium Ortophosphate (ii) Disodium Ortophosphate (iii) Trisodium Ortophosphate : , ,
-340 Potassium Ortophosphates (i) Monopotassium Ortophosphate (ii) Dipotassium Ortophosphate (iii) Tripotassium Ortophosphate : , , ,
-341 Calcium Phosphates (i) Monocalcium Ortophosphate (ii) Dicalcium Ortophosphate (iii) Tricalcium Ortophosphate : , ,
E-342 Ammonium Phosphates (i) Monoammonium Ortophosphate (ii) Diammonium Ortophosphate : ,
-343** Magnesium Ortophosphates: (i) Monomagnesium Ortophosphate (ii) Dimagnesium Ortophosphate (iii) Trimagnesium Ortophosphate : (i) , (ii) , (iii)
-344** Lecitin Citrate
-345** Magnesium Citrate
-349** Ammonium Malate
-350** Sodium Malates (i) Sodium Malate (ii) Sodium Hydrogen Malate : ,
-351** Potassium Malate
-352** Calcium Malates (i) Calcium Malate (ii) Calcium Hydrogen Malate : ,
-353 Metatartaric Acid -
-354 Calcium Tartrate
-355** Adipic Acid
-356** Sodium Adipate
-357** Potassium Adipate
-359** Ammonium Adipate
-363 Succinic Acid
-365** Sodium Fumarates
-366** Potassium Fumarates
-367** Calcium Fumarates
-368** Ammonium Fumarates
-370** 1,4-Heptonolactone 1,4-
-375** Nicotinic Acid
-380 Ammonium Citrates ( )
E-381** Ferric mmonium Citrate
-383 Calcium Glycerophosphate
-384** Isopropil Citrates
-385 Calcium Disodium Ethylene Diamine Tetra-acetate (Calcium Disodium EDTA) (CaNa2 )
-386 Disodium Ethylene Diamine Tetra-acetate
-387** Oxystearin
-388** Thiodipropionic Acid
-389** Dilauryl Thiodipropionate
-390** Dustearyl Thiodipropionate
-391 Phytic Acid
-399** Calcium Lactobionate
, (E-400 - E-599)
-400 Alginic Acid
-401 Sodium Alginate
-402 Potassium Alginate
-403** Ammonium Alginate
-404 Calcium Alginate
-405 Propan-1,2-diol alginate -1,2-
-406 Agar
-407 Carrageenan and its Salts
-407 # Processed Eucheuma Seaweed - Eucheuma (. - 1996 )
-408** Bakers Yeast Glycan
-409** Arabinogalactan
-410 Carob Bean Gum
-411 Oat Gum
-412 Guar Gum
-413 Tragacanth
-414 Acacia Gum (Gum Arabic)
-415 Xanthan Gum
-416 Karaya Gum
-417 Tara Gum
-418** Gellan Gum
-419** Gum Ghatty
-420 Sorbitol (i) Sorbitol (ii) Sorbitol Syrup ,
-421 Mannitol
-422 Glycerol
-425# Konjac (i) Konjac Gum (ii) Konjac Glucomannane [Note - this additive is under discussion and may be included in a future amendment to the Directive on miscellaneous additives] , ( - )
-429** Peptones
-430** Polyoxyethylene (8) Stearate (8)
-431** Polyoxyethylene (40) Stearate (40)
|
|
-432** Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monolaurate (Polysorbate 20) ( 20, 20)
-433** Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monooleate (Polysorbate 80) ( 80, 80)
-434** Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monopalmitate (Polysorbate 40) ( 40, 40)
-435** Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monostearate (Polysorbate 60) ( 60, 60)
-436** Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Tristearate (Polysorbate 65) ( 65)
-440 Pectins (i) Pectin (ii) Amidated Pectin : ,
-441** Superglycerinated Hydrogenated Rapeseed Oil
-442** Ammonium Phosphatides
-443** Brominated Vegetable Oil
-444** Sucrose Acetate Isobutyrate -
-445 Glycerol Esters of Wood rosins
-446** Succistearin
-450 Diphosphates (I) Disodium Diphosphate (ii) Trisodium Diphosphate(iii) Tetrasodium Diphosphate (iv) Dipotassium Diphosphate (v) Tetrapotassium Diphosphate (vi) Dicalcium Diphosphate (vii) Calcium Dihydrogen diphosphate : , , , , , ,
-451 Triphosphates (I) Pentasodium Triphosphate (ii) Pentapotassium Triphosphate T: 5-, 5-
-452 Polyphosphates (I) Sodium Polyphosphates (ii) Potassium Polyphosphates (iii) Sodium Calcium Polyphosphate (iv) Calcium Polyphophates : , , -,
-459# Beta-cyclodextrine [Note - this additive is under discussion and may be included in a future amendment to the Directive on miscellaneous additives b- ( - )
-460 Cellulose (I) Microcrystalline Cellulose (ii) Powdered Cellulose : ,
-461 Methyl Cellulose
-462** Ethyl Cellulose
-463** Hydroxypropyl Cellulose
-464 Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose
-465** Ethyl Methyl Cellulose
-466 Carboxy Methyl Cellulose, Sodium Carboxy Methyl Cellulose ,
-467** Ethyl Hydroxyethyl Cellulose
-468# Crosslinked Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose [Note - this additive is under discussion and may be included in a future amendment to the Directive on miscellaneous additives] (.- )
-469# Enzymically Hydrolysed Carboxymethylcellulose [Note - this additive is under discussion and may be included in a future amendment to the Directive on miscellaneous additives] (. - )
-470# Sodium, Potassium and Calcium Salts of Fatty Acids ,
-470b# Magnesium Salts of Fatty Acids
-471 Mono- and Diglycerides of Fatty Acids -
-472 Acetic Acid Esters of Mono- and Diglycerides of Fatty Acids -
-472b Lactic Acid Esters of Mono- and Diglycerides of Fatty Acids -
-472 Citric acid Esters of Mono- and Diglycerides of Fatty Acids -
-472d Tartaric Acid Esters of Mono- and Diglycerides of Fatty Acids -
-472e Diacetyltartaric and Fatty Acid Esters of Glycerol ,
-472f Mixed Tartaric, Acetic and Fatty Acids Esters of Glycerol , ,
-472g Succinylated Monoglycerides
-473 Sucrose Esters of Fatty Acids
-474** Sucroglycerides
-475 Polyglycerol Esters of Fatty Acids
-476** Polyglycerol Polyricinoleate
-477** Propane-1,2-diol Esters of Fatty Acids -1,2-
-478** Lactylated Fatty Acid Esters of Glycerol and Propilene Glycol
-479b** Thermally Oxidized Soya Bean Oil Interacted with Mono- and Diglycerides of Fatty Acids -
-480** Dioctyl Sodium Sulphosuccinate
-481 S Stearoyl-2-lactylate -2-
-482** Calcium Stearoyl-2-lactylate -2-
-483** Stearyl Tartrate
-484** Stearyl Citrate
-485** Sodium Stearoyl Fumarate
-486** Calcium Stearoyl Fumarate
-487** Sodium Laurylsulfate
-488** Ethoxylated Mono- and Di-glycerides -
-489** Methyl Glucoside - Coconut Oil Ester
-491** Sorbitan Monostearate 60
-492** Sorbitan Tristearate
-493** Sorbitan Monolaurate , 20
-494** Sorbitan Monooleate , 80
-495** Sorbitan Monopalmitate , 40
-496** Sorbitan Trioleat , 85
-500 Sodium Carbonates (I) Sodium Carbonate (ii) Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate (iii) Sodium Sesquicarbonate : , ,
-501 Potassium Carbonates (I) Potassium Carbonate (ii) Potassium Hydrogen Carbonate : ,
-503 Ammonium Carbonates (I) Ammonium Carbonate (ii) Ammonium Hydrogen Carbonate : ,
-504 Magnesium arbonates (I) Magnesium arbonate (ii) Magnesium Hydroxide Carbonate (syn. Magnesium Hydrogen carbonate) : , ,
-505** Ferrous Carbonate
-507 Hydrochloric Acid
-508 Potassium Chloride
-509 Calcium Chloride
-511 Magnesium Chloride
-512** Stannous Chloride
-513 Sulphuric Acid
-514 Sodium Sulphates (i) Sodium Sulphate (ii) Sodium Hydrogen Sulphate : ,
-515 Potassium Sulphates (i) Potassium Sulphate (ii) Potassium Hydrogen Sulphate : ,
-516 Calcium Sulphate
-517 Ammonium Sulphate
-519** Cupric Sulphate
-520** Aluminium Sulphate
-521** Aluminium Sodium Sulphate - ( )
-522** Aluminium Potassium Sulphate - ( )
-523** Aluminium Ammonium Sulphate - ( )
-524 Sodium Hydroxide
-525 Potassium Hydroxide
-526 Calcium Hydroxide
-527 Ammonium Hydroxide
-528 Magnesium Hydroxide
-529 Calcium Oxide
-530 Magnesium Oxide
-535** Sodium Ferrocyanide
-536 Potassium Ferrocyanide
-537** Ferrous Hexacyanomanganate
-538** Calcium Ferrocyanide
-541** Sodium Aluminium Phosphate: (i) Acidic (ii) Basic : (i) , (ii)
-542** Bone Phosphate (Essentiale Calcium Phosphate, Tribasic) , 3-
-550** Sodium Silicates: (i) Sodium Silicate (ii) Sodium Metasilicate : (i) , (ii) -
-551 Silicon Dioxide
-552** Calcium Silicate