1.3.1. , . - .
- 1 ... , , ().
- 1 ...
*) , : m= 1.6726 .10-24 mn= 1.67439 .10-24 . - .
1.3.2. A, - z, , , z (A - z) . , - , . , z - .
1.3.3. ( ) . . , , , , , - .
1.3.4. , (1.4), 10-13 . ( , ) - : , .
, , , . R 1.21 .10-13 .
1.3.5. , . , , , . 12.
1.3.6. - . , , , 10-13 , (, ; , ).
1.3.7. ( ) . , , T1/2 = 11.2 . :
|
|
*) () - .
1.3.8. , , - z A, (A - z) . .
( 2000 - ) , , .
z ( ) . .. , .
, 233U, 234U, 235U, 236U, 238U, 239U - , .. z = 92.
, , , .
( A ), z .
, , - .
: - ; - ; , - , .
1.3.9. (1.4) . R , A,
N = A/V = 3/4pR3 = 3/4p (1.21 .10-13 A 1/3)3 = 1.348 .1038 /3,
, 1 ... = 1.66056.10-24 ,
g = Nm = 1.348 .1038.1.66056 .10-24 = 2.238 .1014 /3. = 223.8 /3
, .
. 1 ,
V/A = 1/N = 1/1.348 .1038 = 7.421 .10-39 3
, ( )
D = (V)1/3 = (7.421 .10-39)1/3 = 1.951 .10-13 .
1.4.
1.4.1. (m) () - , .
= mc2, (1.5)
- ( = 2.997924 .108 /).
, 1
= 1 .(3 .108)2 = 9 .1016 = 2.5 .1010 .
(.. 1 . = 3.6 .106 ).
1.4.2. 1 ... 1.66056 .10-27 , 1 ... :
1 = 1.66056 .10-27(3 .108)2 = 1.4924 .1010 .
().