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( ) 5. .

-.

:

  Active Passive
Indefinite to write to be written
Continuous to be writing -
Perfect to have written to have been written
Perfect Continuous to have been writting -

, (Active) (.. Indefinite ( 14), Continuous ( 15), Perfect ( 16) Perfect Continuous ( 20)). .

, , , - . . , Perfect Perfect Continuous , . :

I like to read. (Infinitive Indefinite) .
seemed to be thinking. (Infinitive Continuous) .
to seem 9 ( " ").
I was happy to have received your letter (Infinitive Perfect) .
seemed to have been making these experiments for a long time. (Infinitive Perfect Continuous) , ,

, , - : , ; , .

:

1) Indefinite Active:  
I want to see your design. .
You must pay for it. .
2) Indefinite Passive:  
It can be done. .
The mistake must be found. .
3) Continuous Active:  
We thought him to be sleeping. , .
We knew him to be working in his room. , .
4) Perfect Active:  
I remembered to have seen her somewhere. , - .
You must have read this story. , , .
5) Perfect Passive:  
We knew the test to have been made. , .
We thought the mistake to have been found. , .
6) Perfect Continuous Active:  
He must have been working all night. , , .
She appeared to have been leading a very busy life. , , .

, can, may, must, need (, ..) to.

, -, , , . :

1) - :

see it was interesting. .
To have found our mistake was useful. .

2) - :

You can do it. .
He must have gone away. , , .
You needn't have spoken. , .

3) - :

I want to come. .
I like to dance. .

4) :

19 :

We knew him to have sent the letter. , .
We found him to be doing nothing. , .
We thought the experiment to have been completed. , .

-

- . , - :

i not a man to do any thing by halves. , (= ) - -.
This is a good place to work in. .
There are not many people to believe this. , .
This is an article to be translated into French. , .
This is the problem to be considered. , (= ).

-

The teacher gave me a book to read. ( , ).
He went home to rest. .
We have been sent here to study English. .
They did this to save their friend's life. , .
She opened the door to look into the room. , .

- , - " + ".

7) " ":

20. - :

She is known to have been a dancer. , (-) .
The mistake is said to have been found , ()
The water seems to be boiling , (), .
He appears to be suffering , , .

:

1) : translate this text is easy. To have met him was event in my life.

2) : The design can be completed next week. The ship was to be launched as soon as possible. I cannot believe you. You might have been wrong.

3) : Peter wants to meet you. I begin to find these tests quite important.

4) ( 19): We saw them buy those tools. I heard him move in the next room. We thought them to have been very busy.

5) : This is not the time to stop work. There are a few more words to remember. I found nothing more to do. These are the things to move into the next room. The seed to be weighted was brought to the station.

6) : I came here to show you our design. They went down to the river to help us. We remained here to meet you.

7) ( 20): The dog is said to be the best animal for such tests. They are known to have found a new kind of fuel. The weather seems to become cooler. He was heard to mention your name. He appears to be well, but really he is rather ill.

-

, , , . , - : , . . "-" .

One

one :

Give me a dictionary, the best one. , ().
This is a good translation, but that one is full of mistakes. , () .
In our house there are three large rooms and two small ().

, one , one .

That (of)

that , those , , of:

I saw my own mistake and that of the other engineer.
His translations are better than those of his friend. , .

. (.. , ) do. , .

I like to read and so do my children. , ().
He works as well as he did last year. , .
The animals were sleeping and so were the birds. ().

-.

-ty (-ity)

certain , certainty , . -ty (-ity) , . .

real - reality

able - ability

cruel - cruelty

 

 

[iq]: fear, dear, clear, spear, Shakespeare ['Seikspiq]

[q:]: fir, sir, heard, world [wq:ld], certain ['sq:tn], certainty

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