( ) 5. .
-.
:
Active | Passive | |
Indefinite | to write | to be written |
Continuous | to be writing | - |
Perfect | to have written | to have been written |
Perfect Continuous | to have been writting | - |
, (Active) (.. Indefinite ( 14), Continuous ( 15), Perfect ( 16) Perfect Continuous ( 20)). .
, , , - . . , Perfect Perfect Continuous , . :
I like to read. (Infinitive Indefinite) | . |
seemed to be thinking. (Infinitive Continuous) | . |
to seem 9 ( " "). | |
I was happy to have received your letter (Infinitive Perfect) | . |
seemed to have been making these experiments for a long time. (Infinitive Perfect Continuous) | , , |
, , - : , ; , .
:
1) Indefinite Active: | |
I want to see your design. | . |
You must pay for it. | . |
2) Indefinite Passive: | |
It can be done. | . |
The mistake must be found. | . |
3) Continuous Active: | |
We thought him to be sleeping. | , . |
We knew him to be working in his room. | , . |
4) Perfect Active: | |
I remembered to have seen her somewhere. | , - . |
You must have read this story. | , , . |
5) Perfect Passive: | |
We knew the test to have been made. | , . |
We thought the mistake to have been found. | , . |
6) Perfect Continuous Active: | |
He must have been working all night. | , , . |
She appeared to have been leading a very busy life. | , , . |
, can, may, must, need (, ..) to.
|
|
, -, , , . :
1) - :
see it was interesting. | . |
To have found our mistake was useful. | . |
2) - :
You can do it. | . |
He must have gone away. | , , . |
You needn't have spoken. | , . |
3) - :
I want to come. | . |
I like to dance. | . |
4) :
19 :
We knew him to have sent the letter. | , . |
We found him to be doing nothing. | , . |
We thought the experiment to have been completed. | , . |
-
- . , - :
i not a man to do any thing by halves. | , (= ) - -. |
This is a good place to work in. | . |
There are not many people to believe this. | , . |
This is an article to be translated into French. | , . |
This is the problem to be considered. | , (= ). |
-
The teacher gave me a book to read. | ( , ). |
He went home to rest. | . |
We have been sent here to study English. | . |
They did this to save their friend's life. | , . |
She opened the door to look into the room. | , . |
- , - " + ".
7) " ":
20. - :
She is known to have been a dancer. | , (-) . |
The mistake is said to have been found | , () |
The water seems to be boiling | , (), . |
He appears to be suffering | , , . |
:
1) : translate this text is easy. To have met him was event in my life.
2) : The design can be completed next week. The ship was to be launched as soon as possible. I cannot believe you. You might have been wrong.
|
|
3) : Peter wants to meet you. I begin to find these tests quite important.
4) ( 19): We saw them buy those tools. I heard him move in the next room. We thought them to have been very busy.
5) : This is not the time to stop work. There are a few more words to remember. I found nothing more to do. These are the things to move into the next room. The seed to be weighted was brought to the station.
6) : I came here to show you our design. They went down to the river to help us. We remained here to meet you.
7) ( 20): The dog is said to be the best animal for such tests. They are known to have found a new kind of fuel. The weather seems to become cooler. He was heard to mention your name. He appears to be well, but really he is rather ill.
-
, , , . , - : , . . "-" .
One
one :
Give me a dictionary, the best one. | , (). |
This is a good translation, but that one is full of mistakes. | , () . |
In our house there are three large rooms and two small | (). |
, one , one .
That (of)
that , those , , of:
I saw my own mistake and that of the other engineer. | |
His translations are better than those of his friend. | , . |
. (.. , ) do. , .
I like to read and so do my children. | , (). |
He works as well as he did last year. | , . |
The animals were sleeping and so were the birds. | (). |
-.
-ty (-ity)
certain , certainty , . -ty (-ity) , . .
real - reality
able - ability
cruel - cruelty
[iq]: fear, dear, clear, spear, Shakespeare ['Seikspiq]
[q:]: fir, sir, heard, world [wq:ld], certain ['sq:tn], certainty
. .