, . ( →) ( + →); . , , . . . , . , + ( >> ) ( = const), . , , , a + b → (V =K*C V =kC b )
V = K*C * C b =kC
3. : ,
, . :
e
H2S + Cl2 S + HCl
ox red
( , - )
2NO2 2NO + O2
(, , , )
Cl2 + H2O HCl + HClO
34
1. ( )
: , , , -. : CH4+Cl2=CH3Cl+HCl H3-CH2-Cl+NaOH=CH3-CH2-OH+NaCl
:
H-C===C-H +Br2=CH2Br-CH2Br 1,2
| |
H H
() : ()
2H5Cl= H-C===C-H +HCl
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H H
() : () H3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3=CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3 (2-) : () H2+3,5O2=2CO2+3H2O;
- ,
, , , , . , , , -, . , (. . , 1748, . , 1789). : .
|
|
, . 2H2+O2=2H2O
.
(. ): , , .
, . , .
(. ): , , , .
. 1 0,57, 1,14, 1,71, 2,28, 2,85 , 2:1, 1:1, 2:3, 1:2, 2:5 ; N 2O, NO, N 2O 3, NO 2, N 2O 5.
(. ): .
, 1 () 1 - .
.= /
-= -/ -
= / .
..= /
(. -): .
, , 3:1:2.
: , , .
:
.
.
; N A = 6,02∙10 23 1.
; 22,4 ∙ 1.
(M) , , , , , ∙ 1.
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3. .
3H8 + 5O2 3CO2 + 4H2O
2CH2=CH + 5O2 4SO2 + 2H2O