2.
, , (), , . .
, n . , 1, 2, , n, . .
. , , . (1.3) tp t. tp (. 2.1). , n = 10 = 0.95 tp 2.3 ( , ). tp,
.
.
2.1.
n | P | ||||||||
0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.95 | 0.98 | 0.99 | 0.999 | |
1.00 | 1.38 | 2.0 | 3.1 | 6.3 | 12.7 | 31.8 | 63.7 | 636.6 | |
0.82 | 1.06 | 1.3 | 1.9 | 2.9 | 4.3 | 7.0 | 9.9 | 31.6 | |
0.77 | 0.98 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 2.4 | 3.2 | 4.5 | 5.8 | 12.9 | |
0.74 | 0.94 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 2.8 | 3.7 | 4.6 | 8.6 | |
0.73 | 0.92 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 2.6 | 3.4 | 4.0 | 6.9 | |
0.72 | 0.90 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.9 | 2.4 | 3.1 | 3.7 | 6.0 | |
0.71 | 0.90 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 1.9 | 2.4 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 5.4 | |
0.71 | 0.90 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 2.9 | 3.4 | 5.0 | |
0.70 | 0.88 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 2.8 | 3.3 | 4.8 | |
0.69 | 0.87 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 3.0 | 4.1 | |
0.69 | 0.86 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 2.9 | 4.0 | |
0.69 | 0.86 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 2.5 | 2.9 | 3.9 |
, xi , .
.
|
|
1. ( ).
2. , :
.
3. :
.
, , , (xi ), , 3s. , , s.
4. :
.
5. Δ
,
tp .
6. :
Δ; .
Δ .
1) , , , Δ. , . , 1123 ( ) 50 ( ) 1120, 1.123 0,05 1.12.
, . , 1.1 0.05 1.10.
2) , , 5, ; 5, .
3) 5, , , , , . , 22.5 22, 23.5 24.
4) , , .
1, 2, ., m, . . A = f ( 1, 2, ., m). , xi , , 1, 2, ., m ( - , , ).
, Δ :
Δ = F (Δ x 1, Δ x 2, , Δ xm).
A = f (x)
A + Δ = f (x + Δ x).
, Δ x :
A + Δ = f (x) + Δ x.
Δ δ A
.
A = f ( 1, 2, ., m) :
. (2.1)
:
|
|
. (2.2)
xi n, :
.
(2.1), (2.2) xi .
. 2.2 .
2.2.
A = f () | ||
Δ | δ = Δ / | |
Δ x / x | ||
xn | nx (n -1) Δ x | n Δ x / x |
/ n x | Δ x / n x | |
ex/C | Δ x ex/C / C | Δ x / C |
ln x | Δ x / x | Δ x / (ln x) x |
x / (1 x) | Δ x / (1 )2 | Δ x / x (1 x) |
sin (x / C) | cos (x / C) Δ x / C | ctg (x / C) Δ x / C |
cos (x / C) | sin (x / C) Δ x / C | tg (x / C) Δ x / C |
Bx 1 Cx 2 | ||
x 1 x 2 | ||
x 1 / x 2 |
. , .