1.
F = q1q2/ (4peeor2),
F c q1 q2; e ; e ; r .
2.
= /q,
q , ; , .
3.
= q / (4pe eor2),
q , ; r , .
4.
= e eo .
5.
=
∑q , .
6.
D = .
7. , :
= τ/(2pe eo),
(τ = q/l) ; .
8. , :
= σ/(2e eo),
(σ = q/S) .
9. , ( ):
= σ/(e eo).
10. , :
= q / (4pe eor2),
q R, r , r > R.
11.
U= j1 j2= A /q,
, , .
12.
j = q /(4pe eor),
q , ; r , .
13. :
)
= grad φ;
)
E = U/d;
) , ,
= dφ/dr.
14.
= q/j,
q ; j .
15.
= 4p e e R,
e , ; R .
16.
C = (e e S)/d,
e , ; S ; d .
17. :
)
1/ = ;
)
= ,
n .
18.
W = (CU2)/2 = (e eo E2 Sd)/2,
; U ; .
19.
|
|
w = (e eo E2/2) = (E D)/2.
20.
I = Dq/Dt,
Dq , Dt.
21.
j = I/S = e n <V>,
S ; e ; n ; < V > .
22. :
) , ,
I = U/R,
I , ; U ; R ;
)
I = ε /(R+r),
I , ; ε (); R ; r .
23.
= σ ,
j ; (σ = 1/r) r; .
24.
R = r l / S,
r ; l ; S .
25.
R = R0(1+at),
R t C; R0 0 C; a .
26.
R = R1 +R2.
27. , ,
1/R = (1/R1) +(1/R2).
28.
Q = I2 R t,
Q , R; I ; t .
29.
= I2 R t = I U t = (U2/R) t,
I R; U ; t .
30.
P = I2 R = U I= U2/R.
31.
m = kq = (A q)/(n F)= (A I t)/(nF),
m , ; k ; q , ; A ; n ; F ; I , ; t .
1. 2L = 10 . N (. ), , , .
. N , q1 q2:
= 1 + 2.
, , , , .
N. ,
= 21 cos φ, (1)
j N.
(1) , ,
. (2)
N . , :
|
|
.
, 3.5 .
2. , =2 × 10-14 × , , 0.10 .
. , , :
φ = φ+ + φ .
(. ) R
(p = q × L) ; L .
L<<r. (L2/4) ,
.
3. 1 1000 . . .
. , ,
W ; V , , . . , .
C ; U , .
,
V = Sd.
C W W V ω,
:
d = 1 = 10-2 ;
U = 103 B;
ε = 7;
ε0 = 8.85·10-12 /.
ω, :
4. , . , , L1, L2, ε1, ε2. U. 1, 2 , 0 .
. 1, 2 0, , U. ,
(1)
, ( ), , ,
(2)
D (ε = 1), ,
= ε0 ε , (3)
ε , ε0,
(4)
(2) (4),
5. ε1, ε2 , . , R2 R3, ε1=10 ε2=4 , R1 = R4 = 2 R2 = R3 = 4 . .
. . , -, , , , -, . , , .
. , , , .
: , , ; , , .
|
|
I1 + I2 + I3 I4= 0. (1)
. , , ( , ). , : , , .
:
) , IR , IR ;
) , . . , , .
:
AR1BR2A
I1R1 I2R2 = ε1 ε2, (2)
AR1BR3A
I1R1 I3R3 = ε1, (3)
AR3BR4A
I3R3 + I4R4 = 0. (4)
(1)(4) ,
I1 + I2 + I3 I4= 0,
2I1 4I2 = 6,
2I1 4I3 = 10,
4I3 + 2I4= 0.
, (). :
I1 + I2 + I3 I4= 0,
2I1 4I2 + 0 + 0 = 6,
2I1 + 0 4I3 + 0 = 10,
0 + 0 + 4I3 + 2I4= 0.
,
Δ ; , Δ .
.
.
.
I3 , , , I3 . I3 .
6. 12 . , , 5 . ?
. , . , , . ,
(1)
; I ; ε ; R, r .
, ε, r R. , (R = r), , . ,
(2)
, (). , R = 0 ( ),
|
|
(3)
(3) (2),
.
7. 50 5 10 ? , I = 6 + 3t?
. , I =Δq/Δt, Δt = t2 t1.
=10 .
, , ,
.
8. 1 2 10 . ( ) .
.
I ; S ; n ; ; < V > .
. .
NA ; (ρ = 8,9 × 103 /3) ;
(μ = 63,5 × 103 /) .
/.