.
,
, , , , .
, . 13-34 II-23-81*.
, F. 2 - 7 . = 0,7.
, , , , , = 0,8.
N 15-30 , . n / . n / .
, , . . | ||
, , | ||
600/1000 | ||
N .
N Nr (N £ Nr).
6
1
, 1951 , 14 . , , , , sn SR.
sn SR . 2.17 sn = 3832/14 = 273 , .
= 14 . 12 a S = 2,614 (1) Rno = 273 -2,614 ´ 18,4 = 230 .
. 2.18 gm = 1,1. Ryo = 230/1,1 = 290 .
|
|
, -1 265 , Ryo = 240 .
s ic, | sic - sn | (sic - sin)2 | ||
-1 | ||||
-8 | ||||
-20 | ||||
-30 | ||||
-27 | ||||
-12 | ||||
3832 | - |
2
6,4 , , 27 10016-39 ( = 54,6 2; Wx = 485 3; ix =10,9 ). N = 520 , , , N0 = 460 . Ryo = 200 .
f = 6 , D* = 1,5 .
(7) (8):
2,
3,
( ksw . 1 . 4, d = 8,5 ; t = 13,7 ).
.
, s1 = 460/39,84 = 11,55 /2 = 115,5 .
(11) , , , (10), f0 = =0,796×6 = 4,78 .
f = 4,78×39,84/324 = 0,588, . 73 II-23-81* .
(9)
mef = 0,87×1,53×0,588 = 0,78. . 74 II-23-81* l = 1,89 mef = =0,78 j = 0,594.
(51) II-23-81* , 520/0,594×39,84 = 21,98 /2 = 21,98 > 200×0,9 = 180 .
.
3
() 226 75´75´6. f,x = 2,5 f,y = - 1,5 , fx0 fy0.
, (. 1) l = 20 , l = 2,8 , . N = 95 , Ry0 = 210 .
;
.
, . 4 . 4 (mx = 0,8; my = 1 . 2.37) juu = 0,351.
; . 8 . 4 l = 1,72×7,5 = 12,9 ; b = 0,51×7,5 = 3,8 .
|
|
v tg v = 2,5/1,5 = 1,67; v = 58 = 0,32p, . . 7 . 4 k = 0,77.
. 1. ( 3)
(13) 95/0,35×0,77×17,56 = 20,2 /2 < 210 , .
4
(. 2) 36 10016-39 75´8 10014-39 N = 1400 , 0,2 . Ryo = 200 . f = f0 = 80 ( ).
:
- 0 = 76,3 2; Ix = 15760 4; ix = 14,4 ; Ioy = 552 4; iyo = 2,69 ;
A 0 = 2×76,3 = 152,6 2; Ixo = 2×875 = 1750 4; Iyo = 2×552 + 2×76,3´302 = 138900 4.
(. . 7 II-23-81*):
;
;
; .
, f0 = 8 , = f0A0ac / I = 8×152,6×30/138900 = 0,262 (18) :
.
. 2. ( 4)
N =(0,885×8 + + 20)×152,6×30/138900 = 0,893.
: l = 120/2,69 = 45; j = 0,888, (17) . (15)
.
. 75 II-23-81* j = 0,484.
(14) 1400/0,94×0,484×152,6 = 20,2 /2 = 220 < 210 , . . .
5
(. 3) :
t = 64 ;
f = 16 .
, :
N1 = 1879 ; M1 = 729 ×;
N2 = 2108 , 2 = 1066 ×;
Qmax = 171 .
- 32 Ryo = 22,5 /2 Ry = 21,5 /2 20 . m1 = 2,0.
. 3. ( 5)
. , , . 2.44.
×.
( ) ,
.
.
ef1 = hm1 = 0,622×0,552 = 0,343. h = 0,622 - . 73 II-23-81*.
ef1 . 76 II-23-81* mef = 0,14, . . 74 II-23-81* j = 0,815, .
j, , 0 = 1 + 2 = 74,6 + 114,8 = 189,4 2; 951000 4; ; l = m l / i = 2,0×1130/71 = 31,8.
|
|
.
a1 = 27 - , (. . 7 II-23-81*); d1 = 2 d = 2×12,3 = 24,6 2 - .
(15) (16)
;
,
. 75 II-23-81* j = je = 0,574
/2 < Rygc = 22,5 /2.
. , , .
A 2 = 114,8 ; Ix2 = 1,4×46×4,32 + 2×1,4×183/12 + 25,2×5,42×2 = 4020 4; = 59 ; Wc2 = Ix2/z0 = 4020/5 = 804 3.
;
/2 > Ry0gc = 21,5 /2
, f0 = f = 16 . 2 = f0 (A2 / Wc2) = 1,6´(114,8/804) = 0,228.
.
h = 2,02 - , . 73 II-23-81* m2 = 0,228.
mef2 = khm2 = 0,879×2,02×0,228 = 0,405.
mef2 . 74 II-23-81* j = 0,789.
j ;
.
. 75 II-23-81* j = je = 0,614 .
/2 > Ryogc = 21,5 /2.
, .
6
, 125´8, N0 = 300 . 240 . lx = ly = 4,2 . . 4.8 - .
300 550 .
: 0 = 39,4 2; Ixo = 588 4; Wo1 = 175 3; Wo2 = = 64,4 3; iox = 3,87 ; r1x = 4,44 ; r2x = 1,63 .
. 4. ( 6)
lxo = 420/3,87 = 108,5; j = 0,488.
550/(0,488 39,4) = 28,6 /2 = 286 > 240 , . 4.
. lox = 108,5, ox = 0,22.
.
x = 0,22×1,63´10-2 = 0,358×10-2 ; .
= 0,22(-4,44´10-2) = -0,98×10-2 ; .
, N1 = 300 :
= 76,14 + 29,9 =106,04 < 0,8×240 = 192 ;
:
= 76,14 + 29,9 = 106,04 < 0,8×240 = 192 ;
< 0,8×240 = 192 .
b0 = 106,34/240 = 0,44 < 0,8, . 4.12 .
2;
4;
;
; ; 3;
; 3;
.
:
|
|
=0,127×10-2 ;
.
.
:
Sxr = 13,8×10-4×2,78×10-2 = 38,36×10-6 3.
tmax = 40 iyo = 40×1,98×10-2 = 79,2×10-2 .
kf = 4 , t = 0,6 . 42; Rwt = 180 .
.
.
5 . kf = 6 . ,
.
.
6 .
;
; a = 5/60 = 0,083;
2 = 0,64×10-6 2.
, -
- , i - .
:
;
;
:
;
;
:
; ; ;
; ; ;
;
; ; ;
; ; ;
;
ef = e + f* + kwfw; :
; ;
; ;
:
; ;
;
; ;
; ;
; ; .
7
(. 5). kf = 6 . 36 Ry = 270 . , : N0 = 1037 , M0 = 1777 ×. m = 1,78.
, :
N1 = 3720 ; M1 = 2240 ×;
N2 = 3500 ; 2 = 2400 ×;
Q = 468 .
. :
A1 = 131 + 26,3 = 157,3 2; Ix1 = 3130 + 0,62×131 + 99,3 + 2,742´26,3 = 3474 4; ; Wc1 = 3474/10,9 = 319 3;
A2 = 145 + 20,2 = 165,2 2; Ix2 = 3720 + 2×84,6 = 3889 2; ; Wc2 = 3889/11,5 = 388 3;
0 = 131 + 145 = 276 2; = 157,3 + 165,2 = 322,5 2; I0 = 3130 + +131×72,762 + 3720 + 145×65,742 = 1327000 4; I = 3889 + 67,852×165,2 + 3474 + 71,252´157,3 = 1566000 4; .
. , .
ni, - ( - . . 5, ), V aN.
1,2:
/2
. 5. ( 7)
. 4.21 xi ni
;
.
2.
(37)
.
a N = 1 - ; = 1 - .
, , N1 M1 = Qt = 468×0,6 = 281 ×; N1= 3720×65,7/138,5 + 224000/138,5 = 3328 .
M1/N1 = 281/3382 = 0,083 > fw = 0,0015 e = 0,083.
.
j = 0,920 - l1 = 150/4,7 = 31,9 . 72 II-23-81*.
|
|
/2, ;
/2, ;
;
;
.
;
.
j, , (51), (52)
;
.
l = m1 l / i = 1,78×1040/69,7 = 26,6 - ; - . 7 II-23-81*; .
. 75 II-23-81* je = 0,515
/2 = R*ygc = 27×0,9 = 24,3 /2
. , .
No2, , aN,
;
.
.
(37)
.
j - .
l2 = 150/4,9 = 30,6.
. 73 II-23-81* j = 0,923.
je
;
.
j , = 1,07; . 75 II-23-81* je = 0,486
/2 < R*ygc = 24,3 /2.
.
8
300´20 120´10 Ryo = 210 . , M0 = 1000 ×.
DM = 2000 ×. . 6.
:
Ixo = 590000 4, Aon = 240 2; Wxo = 9518 3; yoc = yop = 45,5 .
/2 = 315 > 210 .
:
/2 = 105,2 ; b0 = 105,2/210 = 0,5.
IV b0 < 0,8, . . .
. 6 :
Arc = 0; Arp = 36×1,6 = 57,6 2; yrp = 62,8 .
- 092 Ryr= 290 , a = 290/210 = 1,38.
;
2; 2.
(45) gM = 0,95:
×.
t < 0,4Rso, (42) :
× < 3174×1×1 ×.
9
20, , N0 = 200 Mox = 15 ×. : lx = 6,6 ly = 1,9 . Ryo = =205 .
:
1- - N = 500 , Mx = 20 ×;
2- - N = 350 , Mx = - 40 ×.
. 7 12 36-2 Ryr = 270 (a =270/205 = 1,32).
7. ( 9)
:
A0 = 26,8 2; Ixo = 1840 4; Iyo = 115 4;
Wxo = 184 3; ixo = 8,28 ; iyo = 2,07 ;
A0 = 53,4 2; Ixo = 5452 4; Iyo = 358 4;
Wxo = 358 3; ixo = 10,1 ; iyo = 3,68 ;
, :
; ; .
/2 = 180,2 ;
b0 = 180,2/205 = 0,879 > 0,8 - ( ).
(49):
;
;
.
, , :
; j = 0,779;
; sr = 154 3.
w = 50 < 40×1,53 = 61,1 .
(29)
.
kf = 0,4 :
.
lw = 5 .
:
a = 5/50 = 0,1;
V = 0,04×0,42 = 6,4×10-3; l0 = 660;
s1 = 180,2 ; x1 = 180,2/205 = 0,88;
;
/2 = -31 ;
x2 = -31/205 = - 0,15;
;
.
(37) :
.
, (36):
.
:
1
;
;
2
;
.
(46).
;
1
;
; je = 0,443;
/2 = 211,3 < 0,9×243 = 218,7 ;
2
;
; je = 0,361;
/2 = 181,6 < 218,7 .
. 5.30 II-23-81*:
1
; ; ;
< 218,7 ;
2
; ;
< 218,7 .
10
. 1962 ., 12 , - Q = 15 . .
. II-23-81*.
-43 | ||||
-60´2,2 | l = 1200 | |||
-160´1,4 | a = 150 | s, | R, | |
-60´2,2 | Ix = 2214356,6 3 F = 42m | /2 | /2 |
9,25 | ||
txy | 1,63 | 12,76 |
(. 13.34 II-23-81*) | 12,96 | 25,3 |
(. 13,35 II-23-81*) | 6,42 | 7,65 |
. .
. . :
;
/ (1039 /. ).
:
sx = 407,8; sloc,y = 861,24; sloc,x = 215,31; sfy = 265,85; txy = 96,0; s = 992,02 /2.
,
.
1158,737 . / N = 2×1039×1158,737 . = = 2,4 106.
N > Nr, .
. .
N 30 N = 8,36×106 .
, Nr
.
: F, I , . .
-100, P = 21 , F = 16,8; I = 765 3, , -43 = 490 /2.
.
, . . = 30 .
11
6 Q = 300/50 .
. :
- 450´18 ;
- 1240´10 ;
- 1500 ;
- -70.
gf1F = 260 .
: I , = 21,9 4; = 87,5 4; Ip = 1082 4; It = = 253 4.
. 13.34 II-23-81* :
;
/2 = 77,4 ;
×;
/2 = 36,6 ;
.
, . 13 II-23-81*. ( II h = 6 , r = 1 ). -70 = 80, k0 =3,7 /3 ( -40).
(85) :
/2 = 32,4 .
. 14 = 1,5 k0 = 3,7 au = 0,41. sfy= =0,41×36,6 = 15 ; s = 32,4 + 15 = 47,4 , 42% .
12
8 , 80 20 7. .
.
-80 a = 1500 | ||
- 550 ´ 25 | - 120 ´ 8 | |
h | - 1600 ´ 14 | Ix = 2293296 4 |
- 550 ´ 25 | If = 673 4 | |
l = 12000 | It = 387 4 |
= 9100 K = 5350
K1 = 800 F = 420
. 13.35 II-23-81*; max = 2433 ×; Q = 224 ; Qt = 33,6 ; F = 336 .
( = 30 )
×;
s = 8,488 /2; txy = 1 /2; sloc = 6,316 /2; sfy = 5,557 /2;
/2 > 7,65 /2 = Ru.
, , .
, 29%, , .
( . 6, ). h = 1/8 = 188 . h = 200 . . 7.24 II-23-81* ( 35); t = 200/15 = =13,3 .
t = 14 .
, d = 100 .
, ,
.
;
c = 11,5 ; M = 10,46 ×; r = 49,5 ; Iy = 40261 4; If = 710 4; a/2r = 1,52;
b = 0,392; ba = 1,28; bt = 1,43;
/2;
/2;
/2;
.
. 10 N = 1,9 .
382 . . , , . n = 382000×2 = 764000.
N = 1,9 2,5 , .
, . Ix = 2716478 4; sx = 495 /2.
(71)
/2;
sloc,y .
(148) II-23-81* 2,493 + 2,526 + 0,827 = 5,846 < 7,65 /2 = Ru.
. 40%.
7