had + . :
- , :
I had known him for six years when he died .
- , , :
He told me that he had seen this film , .
- , , :
Three accidents had happened that day. .
- , , , . :
-He said he would help when he had repaired his car.
| . | . | . | |
| 1 | I have worked | Have I worked? | I have not worked |
| 2 | You have worked | Have you worked? | You have not worked |
| 3 | She, he, it has worked | Has she worked? | She has not worked |
| . | |||
| 1 | We have worked | Have we worked | We have not worked |
| 2 | You have worked | Have you worked | you have not worked |
| 3 | They have worked | Have they worked | They have not worked |
1. He has just finished his work
2. They have known each other since 1991.- 1991
3. Has the postman brought the newspaper? ?
4. I havent found his address.
5. She hasnt seen him for ages.
Adverbs used with the Present Perfect:
Ive already done it-
Ive done it before-
Ive just done the filing
With questions: Have you done it yet? : ?
With negatives: Ive never been there. :
I havent seen him since 1992. 1992 .
I havent seen him for 20 years 20 .
I havent done it yet. .
| . | . | . | |
| 1 | I had written | Had I written? | I had not written |
| 2 | You had written | Had you written? | You had not written |
| 3 | She, he, it had written | Had she written? | She had not written |
| . | |||
| 1 | We had written | Had we written? | We had not written |
| 2 | You had written | Had you written? | you had not written |
| 3 | They had written | Had they written? | They had not written |
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1. She had finished the work by 5 oclock.
2. He had translated the article by the end of the week.
3. Before we went for a walk we had discussed this problem. .
| . | . | . | |
| 1 | I shall have done | Shall I have done? | I shan't have done |
| 2 | You'll have done | Will you have done? | You won't have done |
| 3 | She, he, it'll have done | Will she have done? | She won't have done |
| . | |||
| 1 | We'll have done | Shall we have done? | We shan't have done |
| 2 | You'll have done | Will you have done? | You won't have done |
| 3 | They'll have done | Will they have done? | They won't have done |
The Text
Ex. 1 :
1. What is another name of Great Britain? 2. Which four countries does the United Kingdom consist of? 3. What is the population of Britain? 4. What is the area of Britain? 5. The United Kingdom (also called Great Britain) consists of four countries England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. It has a population of approximately 56 million people and an area of about 240.640 square kilometers. London is a capital city. Britain is a member of the European Economic Community and its main trading partners are the EEC countries and North America. Britains main exports are cars, machinery, textiles and chemicals and its invisible exports include banking, insurance and tourism. Britains north Sea oil also makes it one of the worlds oil producers.
Who are main Britains trading partners? 6. What are Britains main visible exports? 7. What are Britains main invisible exports?
Ex.2 .
- consists of the mainland, Sardinia, Sicily, Elba and many other islands.
- has frontiers with France, Switzerland, Austria
- EEC member
- capital city: Rome
- total area: approx. 324.000 sq.km
- population: the same as GB
- main trading partners: West Germany, France, N.America.
- main exports: machinery, iron, cars, steel
Ex. 3 OC . (Indefinite / Simple), , (Perfect). .
- Fred (become) the managing director in 1998.
- The company (move) to Harlow.
- BOS (receive) two prizes for sales this year.
- BOS (open) a branch in Liverpool.
- I (organize) ten exhibitions.
- I (go) to Japan for the 2000 Trade Fair.
- Anne (join) BOS two month ago.
- Joy (leave) BOS.
- Mary (win) the Ideal Secretary competition in October.
Ex. 4 . , , , ,
Open a branch in Liverpool, start a pension scheme for the employees, sell a record number of desks, hire 50 more employees, raise our process by 7%, give £ 3,000 to charity, increase sales by 10%.
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: last May, 1 year ago, in 2002, in January, in 1999, last year, in 2000.
Ex.5 , before after. : Anne had passes her exams before she left school. She left school after she had passed her exams.
Anne passed her exams and then she left school. After that she went to secretarial college and then she worked in a bank. Later she lived in London and finally she moved to Manchester and got a job with Trausworld.
Ex. 6. . . Whos who is, who has, , whose? (?). :
1) is going to Greece? 2) rubber is this? 3) in room 405? 4) met Mr. Passas? 5) telephone is broken? 6) been to Rome?
Ex 7. .
- He . a sandwich at the moment
1) ate 2) eats 3) is eating 4) has eaten
- is an airport near Beeton.
1) there 2) it 3) he 4) where
- He the order before he sent the goods
1) receives 2) had received 3) has received 4) is received
4. She said . were there
1) I 2) she 3) he 4) they
5) I it immediately
1) had 2) did 3) done 4) doing
6. I do it immediately
1) do 2) was 3) will 4) am
7) . did he do?
1) what 2) who 3) which 4) where
consist
population -
approximately
area ,
European Economic Community (EEC)
insurance
oil producer
branch
pension scheme
sell
raise prices
charity
increase sales
pass exams
move
get a job
9 Unit 9
