, | , | , | , | , | , / | , | , | , | , / |
10...20 | 0,5...0,8 | 0,8 | 70...90 | 16...18 | 40...45 | 2...4 | 2,5...3,0 | 7...10 | 6...8 |
20...30 | 0,8...1,0 | 1,0 | 85... | 18...20 | 40...45 | 3...5 | 2,8...3,2 | 3...11 | 6...8 |
30...40 | 1,0...1,2 | 1,2 | 90... 150 | 19...23 | 35...40 | 5...8 | 3,0...3,5 | 10...12 | 6...8 |
40...50 | 1,2... 1,4 | 1,4 | 110... 180 | 20...24 | 30...35 | 6...10 | 3,5...4,0 | 10...15 | 8...10 |
50...60 | 1,4... 1,6 | 1,6 | 140...200 | 24...28 | 30...20 | 7...12 | 4,0...6,0 | 12...20 | 8...10 |
60...70 | 1,6...2,0 | 2,0 | 280...400 | 27...30 | 20... 15 | 8...14 | 4,5...6,5 | 18...25 | 10...12 |
70...80 | 2,0...2,5 | 2,5 | 280...450 | 38...30 | ...20 | 9... 15 | 5,0...7,0 | 20...27 | 12...15 |
80...90 | 2,5...3,0 | 3,0 | 300... 480 | 28...32 | 10...20 | 9...15 | 5,0...7,5 | 20...27 | 14...18 |
90... 100 | 0,8...1,0 | 1,0 | 100...300 | 18...19 | 70...80 | 8...10 | 2,8...3,2 | 10...12 | 6...8 |
100... 150 | 0,8...1,0 | 1,2 | 130... 160 | 18...19 | 70...80 | 8...12 | 3,0...3,5 | 10...13 | 8...9 |
200... 300 | 0,8...1,0 | 1,2 | 150... 190 | 19...21 | 20...30 | 18...20 | 3,0...3,5 | 10...13 | 8...9 |
200... 400 | 1,8...2,8 | 2,0 | 350...420 | 32...34 | 25...35 | 18...22 | 4,5...6,5 | 25...40 | 15...18 |
( 3...4 , ); ; ; , , ( 3 , ) .
: . ( , ) 100...500 . 4... 10 .
150 / .
-2, -2, -300, -501; -547, -537, -10; -350, -500.
. . .
. 13.7 . 3, , . , 5 6, 7 4. 110 4 ( 1,8...3,2 ), . . , .
|
|
24 . 9 , . .
1 2 (4...6%- ), .
. 13.7. : 1 ; 2 ; 3 ; 4 ; 5 ; 6 ; 7 ; 8 ; 9 |
, ( ), , , , I, .
(+ , ), 2,3...2,8 / 15... 30. 1,65 /, 0,5...0,65 /.
V = (0,4...0,7)V, (13.4)
- V , /.
V = nsDh/(250d2η), (13.5)
, ; s , /; D , ; h , ; d , ; η (η = 0,85...0,90).
, 2,5 . . -80 ( 0,75...0,85 %), (26...55 ). -08 14... 19 .
, , (. 13.8).
0,5 3 , .
|
|
: 28...30 ; 70...75 ( 1,6 ); 1,3 /; 0,5...0,6 /; 1,82 .
. , .
: 250...420 ; 26...28 ; 240...400 /; 5,0...6,0 /; , 18...20, 6...7 27...57 .
. , .
. : 20...30 ; 600... 1000 ; 30 15...60 /. .
- . , . , , . (. 13.9). , . 10000...30000, 2...3 .
. 13.8. :
; ; ; ; ; 1 ; 2
, . ( 1...2 % ), () ( ). (). . 13.8 13.9.
80... 100 . , , , . . . . .
. 15 000... 30 000 , 10 000... 15 000 . .
. 13.9. :
; ; 1 (); 2, 3 ; 4 ; 5 ; 6 (); 7 ; 8 ; 9 (); 10
13.8