( ), " /", , " /".
- (, , , ) .
, - , , .
:
- ;
- ;
( ) (Hop-by- Transparent Routing), ( , ) ;
(Source Routing), - , - , .. ;
, , - ;
, , - ;
(LSR - Link State Routing) - , , , ;
(DVR - Distance Vector Routing) - -, , , .
- . :
o ( - Hop Count) - ;
o - , ;
o - , ;
o - ;
o - ;
o - .
(RT) () . / , , RT ( ) . , , ():
|
|
/ (Destination) - IP- ;
(Subnet Mask) - , ;
(Next Hope) - IP- ;
(Port) - , ;
(Metric) - , ;
() - , (DIR) (REM);
(Source) - , / : (Static), (RIP, OSPF, BGP); , (LOC);
(Age) - (), ;
(Vendor-specific) - .
RT , .
Destination | Subnet Mask | Next Hope | Port | Metric | Type | Source | Age |
0.0.0.0 | 0.0.0.0 | 129.192.64.28 | J4.1 | DIR | Static | ||
129.192.16.0 | 255.255.0.0 | 129.192.16.3 | J3 | REM | RIP | ||
129.192.17.0 | 255.255.0.0 | 129.192.16.6 | J4.2 | REM | OSPF | ||
129.192.18.0 | 255.255.0.0 | 129.192.18.3 | J3 | REM | BGP | ||
129.192.64.0 | 255.255.0.0 | 129.192.40.3 | J4.3 | REM | BGP | ||
172.20.1.3 | 255.255.255.255 | 129.192.40.3 | J4.3 | DIR | LOC |
, () - c (Destination) RT, . , (Next Hope) - (Port), , .
- , - . :
(Routing Protocol) - () , (IS) ; : BGP, EGP, EIGRP, IGRP, IS-IS, OSPF, RIP;
(Routed/Routable Protocol) - () , ; , , ; : AppleTalk (Apple), DECNet (DEC), IPX (Novel-NetWare), VINES (Banyan Systems), XNS (Xerox).