NH4OH (NH3 H2O)
NH4OH D NH +OH-
K =
, : [NH ]=[OH-]; [NH4OH] ≈ C
= [OH-] =
[H+] = [H+] =
pH = 14- pK + lgC
( ) , , .
, .
, , , .
, (, HCOOH +HCOONa, ) (, NH4OH NH4Cl).
.
1. , , : 3 3Na. . , , , :
H+ +CH3COO- = CH3COOH
HCl+CH3COONa=CH3COOH+H2O.
,
OH- +CH3COOH = CH3COO- +H2O
NaOH+CH3COOH = CH3COONa+H2O
, .
:
3Na = CH3COO- +Na+
CH3COOH D CH3COO- +H+
K-=
3 , [CH3COOH] ≈ C-. 3Na , , - , [CH3COO-] ≈ C. ,
- =
[H+] = K-
=- -lg
, , () NH4OH NH4Cl.
( Cl), +
H++NH4OH=NH +H2O
HCl+NH4OH=NH4Cl+H2O
.
( NaOH), .
|
|
NH +OH-=NH4OH
NH4Cl+KOH=NH4OH+KCl
.
.
NH4Cl=NH4Cl
NH4OH D NH +OH-
K =
NH4OH NH4Cl NH4OH , NH , .. [NH4OH]≈C, [NH ]≈C
=
[OH-]=K
= lg
, .. .
, .
, . , .
, , .