l
, . , , , , , .
4
2. : , 䳺, .
: : , , 䳺; , , ; , ; .
:
1. ,, 䳺. , .
2. , . , .
3. .
4.
. .
5. , .
:
1. -3 .44-60, 63-64, 66-70
2. -4 .61-68
. .
| - | - | Գ ճ | ||||||
| ( ) . () ( ) . | = | CnH2n | ', ', | 1. 2. 3. 4. . | , s2 . ( s, ), ( ). .
δ-' δ-
- δ-, , π '. ' δ-' π-'. δ-' π-'.
| 1. , , , , . 2. . | 1. 3-CHBr-CH2Br +Zn→CH3-CH=CH2+ ZnBr2 2.³ CH3-CHCl-CH3+ NaOH →CH2=CH-CH3+ NaCl +H2O 3. () CH3-CHOH-CH2-CH3 → CH2=CH-CH2-CH3 +H2O 4. () CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3 → CH3-CH=CH-CH3 +H2 5. C8H18 →C4H10+C4H8 6. . CHΞCH+H2→CH2=CH2 | C24 510 -, 612 1428 , 1530 . . 1. ) C2H4+H2→C2H6 ) C2H4+Cl2 →C2H4Cl2 ) C2H4+H2O →C2H5OH ) : ó CH3-CH=CH2 +HCl →CH3-CHCl-CH3 2.: ) () C2H4+3O2→2 CO2 +2H2O ) . 3C2H4+2KMnO4+4H2O → 2MnO2+3CH2OH-CH2OH +2KOH 3. () CH2=CH2+ CH2=CH2 +CH2=CH2→ -CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2- → (-CH2-CH2-)n ,n |
| 24 () 36 48 510 612 714 816 918 1020 - |
|
|
|
|
|
3
63 5 42 3 = 2͖ 13 12 = 2 32 42 5 3
3 62 73
5,5 -2- 5--1-.
V.
| - | - | Գ ճ | ||||||
| Ξ | nH2n-2 | ', ', | 1. 2. 3. 䳺 | , s . ( s, - ), ( ). .
δ-' δ-
- π ' , δ- ' δ-' π-'. δ-' π-'.
| 1. , , . 2. 3. . | 1. , 1500 0 24→22 +32 2. 2 +22 → 22+()2 | 1. ) C2H2+H2→C2H4 C2H2+2H2→C2H6 ) C2H2+2Cl2 →C2H4Cl4 ) . , C2H2+H2O →3 ) : ó CH3-CΞCH +2HCl →CH3-CCl2-CH3 2.: ) () 2C2H2+5O2→4CO2 +2H2O ) . 3C2H2+8KMnO4→ 8MnO2+ 3CO-CO+2KOH +22 3. 222→ 2=-Ξ 4. | |
| 22 () 34 46 58 610 712 814 916 1018 - |
|
|
|
