(. 1.4)
:
= 2,5 ;
n = 25 /;
30000 .
:
.. = / η,
η , η = 0,70,92 ( 14 [. 10]).
. = 2,5/(0,70,92) = (3,572,72) ;
n. = n u,
u = 880 ( 14 [. 10]).
, n. = 25 (880) = (2002000) /.
. ≥ 3,57 , 200 / ≤ n. ≤ 2000 /. 11 [. 10] 2160YX4, . = 4 , n = 750 /. 2 , 27 , , 4- , 160 , , d = 42 ( 9 [. 10]).
:
:
u = n/n., u = 750/25 = 30;
1 2:
n1 = n; n1 = 750 /;
n2 = n/u = n; n2 =750/30= 25 /;
:
ω1 = , ω1 = (3,14·750) / 30 = 78,5 /;
ω2 = , ω2 = (3,14· 25) / 30 = 2,62 /.
u = 30 ( .14 [. 10] ), z1 = 1.
:
:
2 = 2/ω2 = /ω2; 2 = 2,5103/2,62 = 954,2 ͷ;
:
1 = 2/(u· η); 1 = 954,2/30(0,70,92) = (45,4434,57) ͷ.
, .. 1 = 45,44 ͷ.
1.3.
1.3
, | . | |
, | .=. | 3,57 |
, | 2,5 | |
η | 0,70,92 | |
() () , -1 (/): ( ) | u n = n1 | |
n2 = n. | ||
, /: ( ) | ω1 | 78,5 |
ω2 | 2,62 | |
, ͷ: | ||
1 2 | 45,44 954,2 | |
, , | d' t |
|
|
2 ר
2.1 .
, , . 2.1, 2.2.
() :
2 = 114,6 ·;
u = 5;
: n1 = 750 /, ω1 = 78,5 /,
: n2 = 150 /; ω2 = 15,7 /;
t = Lh = 30000 .
. 2.1
. 2.2
2.2
16 [. 10]. , , , (, , ).
, [σ] , .
( ), , .
, ( 16 [. 10]): 40, , 235262 ; 40, , 269302 .
2.3
[σ]H2 [σ]H1
[σ]H = HL[σ]HO,
[σ]HO , , [σ]HO = 1,8 + 67 ( 17 [. 10]);
HL . N N (N ≥ N) HL = 1,0, N
HL = ≤ HL max,
NHO - ;
N - ;
KHLmax - ( KHLmax = 2,6, KHLmax = 1,8).
N = ()3, = 0,5 (min + max). (2.1)
|
|
:
N2 = 60 n2 Lh; (2.2)
N1 = N2 u,
Lh = t - .
:
[σ ]1 = HL1[σ]01; (2.3)
[σ ]2 = HL2 [σ ] 02.
:
= 0,5 (235 + 262) = 248,5;
= 0,5 (269 + 302) = 285,5.
:
N2 = 248,53 = 15,3 106;
N1 =285,53 = 23,3 106.
:
N2 = 60 15030000 = 270 106;
N1 = 270 1065 = 1350 106.
N2 = 270 106 > N2 = 15,3 106, HL2 = 1;
N1 = 1350 106 > N1 = 23,3106, HL1 =1;
[σ ]02 = 1,8 248,5 + 67 = 514 /2;
[σ ]01 = 1,8 285,5 + 67 = 581 /2,
:
[σ ]2 = 514 /2, [σ ]1 = 581 /2.
[σ ]2 [σ ]1, .. [σ ] = 514 /2.
2.4
[σ]F2 [σ]F1 [σ]F = FL [σ]F0,
FL , FL = 1,0 N ≥ 4∙106; N
FL = ≤ FLmax,
m - , - m = 6 m = 9;
KFLmax- - KFLmax = 2,08; - KFLmax = 1,63;
[σ]F0 , NF0 = 4106, 17 [. 10] . [σ]F0 = 1,03 .
:
[σ ]F2 = FL2 [σ ]F02; (2.4)
[σ ]F1 = FL1 [σ ]F01.
N2 = 270 106 > 4106, FL2 = 1;
N1 = 1350 106 > 4 106, FL1 = 1.
: [σ]F02 = 1,03 248,5 = 256 /2;
[σ ]F01 = 1,03 285,5 = 294 /2,
:
[σ]F2 = 256 /2, [σ]F1 = 294 /2.
2.5
2.5.1
σ ≤ [σ].
≥ (u +1) , (2.5)
;
(
= 49,5);
u ;
ψ ( ψ = 0,315);
2 ·;
[σ] /2 ();
β ( ≤350 β = 1).
:
= 49,5 (5+1) .
1 [. 10] = 120 .
2.5.2
d'2= 2 u /(u + 1) = = 200 , (2.6)
2 = Ψ = 0,315 120 = 37,8 . (2.7)
, .. 2 = 38 .
2.5.3 ()
, , , .
|
|
m' ≥ , (2.8)
m = 6,8 - ;
[σ]F - , [σ]F1 [σ ]F2, .. [σ]F = [σ]F2 = 256 /2 ().
m , , ( 9563-80) ( 19 [. 10]).
1- 2-.
m' = .
m = 1 .
2.5.4
zΣ = 2 a / m2 = 2 120 /1,0 = 240. (2.9)
z1 = ; (2.10)
z1min = 17 .
z1 .
z2 = zΣ z1. (2.11)
:
z1 = > 17;
z2 = 240 40 = 200.
2.5.5
u = = = 5.
[∆u] ≤ 4%.
Δu = %.
,
Δu = .
2.5.6
d1 d2 :
d1 = z1 m; (2.12)
d2 = 2 a d1.
d a d f:
d a 1 = d1 + 2m; d f 1 = d1 2,5m; (2.13)
d a 2 = d2+ 2m; df 2 = d 2 2,5m.
1 () 1 / 2,
2 .
2 .. 30; . 30 50; .50 80; .80 100
1 / 2. 1,1; 1,08; 1,06; 1,05.
1 .
:
d1 = 40 1,0 = 40 ; d2 = 2120 40 = 200 .
:
d 1 = 40 + 2 1,0 = 42 ; d 2 = 200 + 21,0 = 202 .
:
d f 1 = 40 2,51,0 = 37,5 ; d f 2 = 200 2,51,0=197,5.
2 = 38 ,
1 = 38 1,08 = 41 .
1 .
h = m = 1 .
h f = 1,25 m = 1,251 = 1,25 .
h = h a + h f = 1 + 1,25 =2,25 .
ρ = πm = 3,14 1 = 3,14 .
s, , ..
s = e = 0,5ρ = 0,53,14 = 1,57 .
= 0,25m = 0,25 ∙ 1 = 0,25 .
2.5.7
. , β = 0.
Ft = . (2.14)
F r = Ft tgα, (2.15)
α = 200 .
tgα = tg200 = 0,364.
F a = Ft tgβ. (2.16)
:
Ft = ;
F r = 1146·0,364 = 417 ;
F a = 0.
2.5.8
20 ([. 10])
V = (/).
V = (3,14·200·150) /60000 = 1,57 /.
9- .
2.5.9
, 21354-87 . .
|
|
2.5.9.1
σF ≤ 1,1 [σ ]F, σF () .
σF2 = , (2.17)
Fα , : Fα = 1;
Yβ = 1 (β/140) , ; β = 0, Yβ = 1;
Fβ , ; V ≤ 15 /, Fβ = 1;
FY , , ≤ 350 1,4;
YF () , zV = z/ cos3β, 21 [. 10].
z1 = 40 YF1 = 3,70;
z2 = 200 YF2 = 3,59.
σF1 = . (2.18)
σF ≤ 1,1 [σ ]F.
(2.17) (2.18),
σF2 = /2;
σF1 = /2.
, σF2 = 152 /2 < [σ]F2 = 256 /2;
σF1 = 156 /2 < [σ ]F1 = 294 /2.
2.5.9.2
σ = (0,9...1,05) [σ ].
σ = 436 , (2.19)
α , α = 1,0;
β , V ≤ 15 /, β = 1;
V ≤ 350 1,2; > 350 1,1;
u - .
(2.19),
σ = 436 /2.
σ = (0,9...1,05) [σ ] = (0,9...1,05) 514 = (462,6..539,7) /2.
, σ = 454 /2 (462,6539,7) /2.
2.3.
2.3
, /2 | [σ] | |
, /2 | [σ]F2 | |
, / 2 | [σ]F1 | |
, | ||
(), | m | |
z1 | ||
z2 | ||
u | ||
, | d1 | |
, | d2 | |
, | d 1 | |
, | d 2 | |
, | d f 1 | 37,5 |
, | d f 2 | 197,5 |
, | 1 | |
, | 2 | |
, | h a | |
, | h f | 1,25 |
, | h | 2,25 |
, | ρ | 3,14 |
, , | s = e | 1,57 |
, | 0,25 | |
, | Ft | |
, | F r | |
, | F | |
, /2: | ||
σF1 | ||
σF2 | ||
, /2 | σH |
2.6
2.6.1
σ ≤ [σ].
≥ (u +1) , (2.20)
;
( = 43);
u ;
ψ ( ψ = 0,315);
2 ·;
[σ ] /2 ();
β ( ≤350 β = 1).
|
|
,