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:




:

































 

 

 

 


.




[τ]=(10..25). , - .

d e= , .

 

.

 

[I..162], d 1 = .

l 1= .

l 2= .

 

-

l4 .

(. .)

, df1.

, .

 

5.3. .

 

[I..c. 162], d2= .

dn2=

dK2= ,

d = .

d2=(1,6..1,8)d2==(1,6..1,8) = .

d 2=

/=(1,22,0)d2=(1,2...2,0) =...

l=

l 1=(1,2..1,5)d2=(1,2..1,5) =... .

l 1= ( ).

/2=(0,6.. 1,0)d2=(0,6.. 1,0) =..

l2 = , l3 = , l4 = l = , l5 = = .

.

 

.

.

. (. 5.2).

.

. 45 ( ). .

dCT= , lc= (. .5.3)

S=0,05 d2=0,05 =

,

So=l,2S=1,2 = .

 

h=0,1b2=0,1 =

t=0,8h=0,8 =

DOTB=0,5(Do+dCT)=0,5(+)=

D0=df2-2(S+So)= -2(+)=170

=0,25b2:=0,25 =

(. .)

 


 

.

 

()

=(2,25..2,75)δ=(2,25..2,75) =.. .

=

= δ =

:

-

d1 =(0,03..0,036)aw+12=(0,03..0,036) +12=.. , 16.

-

d2=0,15d1=0,15 = , d2=M.

-

d3=(0,5..0,6)d1=(0,5..0,6) = , d3=M.

-

d4=(0,7..0,8)d3=(0,7..0,8) = , d4= - .

 

>(2..2,5)d1=(2..2,5) =.. . =

K'=2d2=2 =

 





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